12 PRINCIPLES OF FEEDING FARM ANIMALS 
Fats are organic compounds consisting largely of mixtures of 
fatty acids, combined with glycerine. (so-called glycerides). The 
more common fats are stearin, palmitin, and olein. The last-men- 
tioned glyceride is liquid at ordinary temperatures, and, if present in 
large quantities, renders the mixed fat liquid or very soft. Linoleic 
and linolenic acids are also found in the seeds of some plants, like 
flaxseed and soybeans; on exposure to the air in a thin layer, they 
0 5 0 15 20 25 30 35 
FLAXSEED 
SOYBEANS 
DRIED DISTILLERS’ GRAINS 
COTTONSEED MEAL 
LINSEED MEAL_ 
CORN 
OATS 
WHEAT BRAN 
GLUTEN FEED 
AYE . 
BARLEY 
CANADA PEAS 
MANGELS 
POTATOES 
SKIM MILK 
Fic. 3.—Fats in common feeding stuffs, in per cent. 
take up oxygen and “ set,” #.e., they dry and harden. This difference 
in the behavior on exposure to the air is characteristic of drying and 
non-drying oils. - 
Some seeds contain large proportions of fat (oil), while others, 
e.g., some of the cereals, are low in fat (Fig. 3). The coarse feeds 
contain other materials than fat which are soluble in ether, the 
solvent for fat used in chemical analysis, viz., chlorophy! and various 
resinous substances. The ether extract, in the case of these feeds, 
is, therefore, not as pure fat as that from concentrated feeds. The 
following figures show the average percentages of fat present in 
various feeds: 
Concentrates Per cent Coarse feeds Per cent 
RACE” send pesos ana eecustee 0.4 Soiling crops .......... 0.3 to 2.1 
Wheat, barley, buckwheat 1.8 to 2.2 Hays ................ 1.7 to 3.6 
Indian corn and oats....5.0 to 5.4 Straws ............... 1.2 to 2.3 
Soybeans ..........005. V2 “Roots. <xnsacswasccaess 0.1 to 0.4 
Flaxseed .........-+4-- 33.7 Corn silage ........0... 0.9 
Cotton seed ........... 36.6 
