FEEDING DAIRY CATTLE 239 
author and also the average figures for the nine stations, includ- 
ing, in the aggregate, twenty-five years for the herds considered. 
The system of feeding adopted in the herds included in the 
preceding compilation varied greatly, both in kinds of feeds and 
intensity of feeding. The average figures give, however, quite a 
satisfactory statement of the actual feed requirements of dairy 
cows as fed in this country. We note that these herds ranged in 
the amount of milk produced from 5498 pounds in Connecticut 
(largely Jerseys and Guernseys) to 8783 pounds in Utah (grades), 
and in butter fat from 237 pounds in Nebraska (largely Jerseys and 
Holsteins) to 339 pounds in Utah; the average production for all 
nine herds was 6494 pounds of milk and 277 pounds of butter fat.’* 
The average feed per cow for all herds was 2250 pounds of concen- 
RELATION OF DIGESTIBLE MATTER 
AND PROTEIN TO TOTAL Dry MATTER 
wii: IN RATIONS FoR 
Williaa |x) PouNp Cows 
FOR COWS PRODUCING.S75 LB. BUTTER FAT DAILY 
J 
—— . 
DIGESTIBLE MATTER J 
ORY MATTER 
Fig. 49.—Production and size are the factors determining the feed requirements of 
dairy cows. The amounts of dry matter and digestible protein in feed rations should increase 
in proportion to the production of butter fat. 
trates, 5281 pounds of succulent feeds (soiling crops, roots, and 
_ silage), 3076 pounds of hay (mixed timothy, clover, or alfalfa), and 
161 pasture days, the average feed cost per cow being $36.71 (see 
p- 229), and the number of feed units eaten, 607%. These figures 
will serve as a basis for estimating the actual feed requirements of 
dairy cows in this country and the returns that may be expected 
with good cows and careful management. 
Feeding Standards.—The feeding standards for dairy cows 
% Corresponding to 323 pounds of commercial butter, obtained by add- 
ing one-sixth to the amount of butter fat, which is a safe average estimate. 
