302 PRODUCTIVE FEEDING OF FARM ANIMALS 
bination of feeds fairly rich in protein and mineral matter (N. R., 
1:7 or less), that will develop a body with normal bone structure, 
muscles, and internal organs. As corn is deficient in both these 
constituents, pigs require supplementary feeds of nitrogenous 
character (skim milk, middlings, peas, tankage, dried blood, etc.) 
for a normal growth, or, at least, an addition of wood ashes, 
ground bone, or ground rock phosphate (floats), to build up a 
strong frame. 
Where corn does not do well, other cereals may take its place 
to advantage in the feeding of pigs; wheat, barley, rye, kafir corn, 
field peas, cowpeas, soybeans, etc., are all valuable swine feeds when 
it is practicable to feed them, either in combination with Indian 
corn or with each other. Barley occupies a similar place to the 
farmers of California (and of northern Europe) as corn does in 
Fic. 78.—Meal time for the swine herd. Intelligent feeding and careful management 
Pe on most farms. Note construction of individual 
the corn-growing States, and has the advantage over corn in being 
higher both in protein and ash. It will give best results with pigs 
if rolled or ground before feeding. Oats are not a satisfactory 
swine feed on account of their high fiber content, except for breeding 
stock and shoats that are not being fattened. In the case of these 
animals they may be fed whole, scattered on the ground or on a 
feeding floor, so as to give the animals exercise at the same time 
(Fig. 78). 
Dairy products form a most important group of swine feeds 
in dairy sections, and are used extensively as feeds supplementary 
