57 



the map (on his back)". This was the "River Map" from which 

 Fuh-Hi fashioned the eight kwa ( A #)> ^^^ diagrams used in 

 divination. The Shu king ' mentions this map among the precious 

 objects preserved at the Court in B.C. 1079. Legge ^ treats of it 

 in his Introduction to the Yi king with regard to the well-known • 

 passage of an Appendix of this Classic ^ running as follows: 

 "The Ho gave forth the scheme or map, and the Lo gave 

 forth the writing, (both of) which the sages copied". According 

 to one of the commentators on the Yih king "the water of 

 the Ho sent forth a dragon horse; on its back there was 

 curly hair, like a map of starry dots. The water of the Lo 

 sent forth a divine tortoise; on its back there were riven veins, 

 like writing of character pictures" *. This conception, apparently 

 based upon the above passage of the Li ki, became common in 

 later times, and the 8an ts'ai fu hwui ^ gives a picture of this 

 dragon horse. As to the appendix of the Tihking'^, quoted by ^ 

 SzE-MA Cheng in the '^Annals of the three sovereigns \ there neither 

 the river nor the horse are mentioned, but it is simply stated 

 that Fuh-Hi was the first to trace the eight diagrams. 



In the Shui ying fu ^ the following description of a dragon 

 horse is given : "It is a benevolent horse, the vital spirit of river 

 water. Its height is eight ch'ih five ts'un; its neck is long, and 

 its body is covered with scales. It has wings at its shanks, and 

 its hair hangs down its sides. Its cry consists of nine tones, and 

 it walks on the water without sinking. It appears at the time 

 of famous sovereigns". This reminds us of the description given 



1 Legge, Sacred Books of the East, Vol. Ill, Shu king. Part V, Book XXII, p. 239. 



2 Sacred Books of the East, Vol. XVI, Introduction, pp. 14 sqq. 



3 Appendix III, Sect. I, Ch. H, § 73; Legge, I.I., p. 374; Ch. V, ^ ^ _h ■f^ , 



^ H. p 14^= ^rT HI II . "^ HI # . H A |ij :S o 



5 ^ 7^ IBI 1^ 1 written by Wang K'i, ^ j^ . a* ^he time of the Ming 

 dynasty. 



6 ^! ^^, Ch. XV, p. 4, Legge's translation, p. 382. 



7 San-htuang pen-ki, H M ^JS IE ( fl ^ IE)' ^^ ^ -^ ^' P' "f^: 



Chavannes' translation. Vol. I, p. 6. 



8 ^ Ifp jgl , written before the Ch'en dynasty (A. D. 557—589) by Sun Jeu-chi, 



•^ ^ ^ ' ^""^ '^"°*®'^ '" *'^® ^''^" "'^""^ ^'' ^ 4* pE (w'"'^^^" ""'^^'" ^^^ 

 Ming dynasty by Ch'en Yao-wen, j^ ^ ^X Ch. LV. 



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