76 



.sound of a drum, and wh ea they cry at night, thi s^is called 'the 

 ^vialidxuml. Wha p +>'ft^^^^u nt"rYioik hear it,"~iEe y^pre dict r^i""- 

 About the shen (>§), a huge clam, the same work ' says the 

 following: "It is a kind of kiao {^^). Its shape also resembles 

 that of- a snake, but it is larger. It has a horn like a dragon, 

 a red mane, and the scales under its loins are all lying in a 

 ■reversed direction. It eats young swallows. When exhaling its 

 breath assumes the form of towers and castles, which are seen 

 when it is about to rain, and are called 'clam-towers' ^, or 

 'sea-markets' ^ Of its fat, mixed with wax, candles are made, 

 which one may smell at a distance of about a hundred steps. 

 Also in the flames of these candles the shapes of towers and 

 steeples are to be seen. Luh Tien [the author of the P'i ya, who 

 lived during the reign of the Emperor Hwui Tsung (1101 — 1126)] 

 says : 'If a kiao copulates with a tortoise, they produce a tortoise, 

 and when with^ a pheasan|, a clam {shen) is produced' ". 



§ 7. Kiao lung (^fl). 



The Shan hai king * describes the kiao as follows : "(Out of the 

 Tao Kwo mountains) water comes forth in waves and flows to 

 the South, where it flows into the sea. In this water there are 

 'tiger-Hao'. Their shapes consist of the body of a fish and the 

 tail of a snake. Their voices are like those of mandarin ducks. 

 Those who eat them, have no boils, and they (i. e. their flesh) 

 may be used to cure piles". In three other passages ^ of the 

 same ancient work many kiao are said to live in special mountain 

 rivulets. 



According to the Tang yil king, "Classic on the rearing of 

 fishes" °, "if there are fully 360 fishes, the kiao lung is made 

 their chief, and leading the fishes flies away". 



i Cli. 43, p. 7a. Of. Wakan sansai zue, Ch. XLV, p. 675. 



2 Shen leu, >^ ^^ , i. e. . mirages. 3 |^ "j^ , 



4) Sect. ^ llj ^, Ch. I, p. 11a: {^ M Z \U) 'M ^^^ ^ "^ . ffil 



5 Sect. Ffl li| ^, Ch. XV, quoted T. S., Sect. -^ ^, Ch. 132, ife^ ^ ^ 

 %, p. 2a. 



6 # :i ^ ' ^'''- ^ i""*'^'^ ''■ s- ••'•= II vi ^ 1" :^ + V m ^M 



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