142 



dated with water in some of its forms". He gives the print on 

 the same page, and we see at once that we are here not so 

 much on Chinese, as on Indian territory. In the Introduction (pp. 

 4 sq.) I have referred toGRtiNWEDEi/s description of the dragon in 

 Indian art, so that I need not explain that "the dragon's heads 

 appearing over the human one" form quite an Indian motive, 

 transferred to China and from there to Korea and Japan. As the 

 sea-god in his magnificent palace was an Indian conception, 

 Japanese art represented him, of course, in an Indian way. This 

 is, however, no proof that the wani originally was identicalwith 

 the Naga, or with the Chinese-Indian dragon-kings. 



§ 7. The jewels of flood and ebb. 



In regard to the jewels of flood-tide and ebb-tide we may 

 refer to the Mizu hagami ^ which contains a legend apparently 

 made in imitation of the Hiko-Hohodemi tale in the Kojiki and 

 the Nihongi. It runs as follows. In the year 200, wlaen the 

 Empress Jingo (200 — 269) arrived in Korea, she took some sea 

 water in her hand and prayed from far to the god of Kashima 

 (in Hitachi) and Kasuga (Takemikazuchi, who had a famous old 

 temple at Kashima and another on the hill of Kasuga at Nara, 

 under the name of Kasuga-daimyojin ; the latter was, however, 

 not built before 710). Then came the gods of Kasuga and Sumiyoshi 

 and Suwa, clad in armour and with helmets on their heads, to the 

 Empress's ship. Kasuga sent the Great God (Daimyojin) of Kawa- 

 kami ^ as a messenger to the Dragon-palace (^^, rytigu) at 

 the bottom of the sea, and this mighty river-god took the "pearl 

 of ebb" and the "pearl of flood" from the Great Dragon-king 

 Sagara ^ and brought them with him to the surface. While the 

 Korean warships were put up in battle array, the pearl of ebb, 

 thrown into the sea, made the water suddenly dry up *. Then 

 the king of Koma entered the sea-bed with his troops in order 

 to destroy the Japanese fleet; but as soon as he did so the god 

 of Kawakami, following Kasuga's order, threw the pearl of flood 



* :3!fC it ' *^''' _h . 1$ ^ ' K- T. K. Vol. XVII, p. 351 ; written in the second 

 half of the twelfth century. 



2 I^hJ* Jl , the "Rain-Master" ( ^ gj|j ), see below, Ch. IV. 



3 IjI? iC^ ^ , also mentioned in the Fuso ryakki, Shomu Tenno, K. T. K . Vol. VI, 

 p. 564. He is one of the eight Great Dragon-Kings, cf. above, p. 4. 



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