Budding and Grafting 



63 



In grafting, a branch of a superior variety, possessing buds, 

 is taken and implanted on a wild stock (fig. 94). The for- 

 mative cambium round the wound grows, forming a protective 

 succulent cushion of tissue known as a callus (fig. 95). The 

 graft grows independently of the stock, receiving, however, its 

 nourishment through it. 



In budding, a bud, together with the surrounding bark, is 



Fig. 94.— Grafting ; rf, the stock 

 to which the graft is attached. 



Fig. 95.— Diagrammatic repre- 

 sentation of a longitudinal sec- 

 tion through a graft ; c/, the 

 callus : r, bark ; nt, pith. 



removed from a superior variety, and a T-shaped incision is 

 made in the stock, beneath which the bark of the bud is inserted, 

 the whole being bound round to protect it from the action of 

 the atmosphere (fig. 96). 



The bud grows in the same way as the graft. 



The terms vernation and prsefoliation are employed to ex- 

 press the way in which the young leaves are arranged in the 

 bud. We have two things to notice, viz., ist, the arrangement 



