I70 Elementary Botany 



Santcula, Sanicle. Flowers in tufted heads, imperfect, the 

 outer pistillate, inner staminate. Was formerly supposed to 

 possess healing qualities. 



The following exotic plants belong to this important order: — 

 Anethum, Dill ; Anthriscus, Chervil ; Cuminum, Cummin ; 

 Dorema, which yields gum ammoniacum ; Ferula, yields asa- 

 foetida ; and Opoponax, yielding the gum resin of that name. 



COROLLIFLORAL ORDERS. 



COMPOSITE. 



Typical plant, Dandelion {Taraxacum dens-leonis) ; also 

 compare with it a Daisy. 



Note, the plant is herbaceous (some exotic Compositae are 

 shrubby) ; leaves exstipulate ; flowers arranged in a capitulum, 

 surrounded "by an involucre of bracts ; calyx superior, a pappus 

 (note, the pappus absent in the Daisy) ; corolla gamopetalous, 

 epigynous, ligulate (note, in the Daisy the florets of the disc 

 have tubular corollas, whilst those of the ray have ligulate 

 corollas), yfae teeth ; androecium five stamens, epipetalous, 

 syngenesious ; pistil syncarpous, single style, and bifid stigma. 



The plants of this order are easily recognised by their 

 flowers being arranged in capitula with syngenesious stamens, 

 the latter characteristic distinguishing them from the allied 

 Teasel family. 



It is the largest of all natural orders, containing one-tenth 

 of the known plants of the world. The members of the group 

 differ much in their properties and uses. 



The British plants are divided into two sub-orders : — 



TubulifloRjE, which have all their florets (as the Corn Blue- 

 bottle), or inner ones only (as Daisy), tubular. 



LiGULiFLOR^ have all their florets ligulate (as Dandelion). 



Principal British Plants. 



TUBULIFLOR^. 



Anthemis, Chamomile. Flowers arranged on a convex re- 

 ceptacle, with tubular perfect florets in disc, and ligulate pistillate 



