204 



Elementary Botany 



ETI 



Etiolation (Fr. Hioler, to make slender). 

 Parts of plants blanched by being 

 grown in the dark, 9 



Euphrasia^ 174 



Eve7ting Campion, 161 



Exalbuminous seeds. Seeds destitute of 

 albumen, 5, 27 



Excretion (Lat. ex, from ; cerno^creitts^ 

 to separate). The separation of ma-- 

 terials from the plant by the roots, ■ 

 38 



Exogenous growth (Gr. exo^ outside ; 

 gennao.i to grow). Growth on the 

 outside. Seen in stems, 40 ; charac- 

 teristic of dicotyledons, 46, 153 ; seen 

 in monocotyledons, 54 



Exogens. Dicotyledons with exogenous 

 growth, 46 



Exorhizal (Gr. exo, without ; rkiza, 

 root). Roots which commence to 

 branch outside the seed, 29, 153 



Exosmose (Gr. exo, without ; osmos, 

 an impulse). The passage outwards 

 of fluids through a membrane, 36 



Exstipulate (Lat. ex, without ; stipula., , 

 a stalk). Leaves destitute of stipules, 



External forms of stems, 53 



Extine. The outer coat of the pollen 



grain, 117, 125 

 Extrorse (Lat. extra., externally ; orsus, 



originating). The opening of the 



anthers outwards towards the exterior 



of the flower, 116 

 Eyebright^ 174 - 



PARINOSE (Lat. far, a kind of 



■^ grain). One of the components of 

 starch, 11 



Fascicle (X'^t./ascicula, a little bundle). 

 A cyme with a number of flowers on 

 short stalks, 98 



Fasciculated root. The swellings of the 

 root arranged in a bundle, 33 



Fennel, 169 



Fertilisation, 125 ; by insects, 130 ; by 

 the wind, 130 ; of conifers, 128 



Ferula, 170 



Fibres (Lat. fibra, a filament). More ; 

 or less lengthened,generally thickened, 

 cells, 22, 42, 46, 48 



Fibre-vascular bundles. Bundles, con- 

 sisting principally of fibres and ves- 

 sels, found in the stems of plants, 42, 

 51 



Figwort, 17S 



Filament (Lat. fihtni, a thread). The 

 stalk which supports the anther of the 

 stamen, 114, 116 



Floral diagram, 125 



Flow of sap, 36, 46, 48, 50, 53, 72, 88, 



Flowermg plants, 3, 153 

 Flowerless plants, 3 



Flowers, general structure of, 100; re- 

 lation of parts of, 134 ' 

 Follicle (Lat. folUmiltts, a small leathern 



GYM 



bag). A capsule opening along only 



one of its edges, 138, 157 

 Food of plants, 3 

 Fool's Parsley, 168 

 Fool's Watercress, 169 

 Forget ute-not, 175, 176 

 Forms, of calyx, lo,^ ; of cells, 16 ; of 



corolla, 107 ; of fruit, 137 ; of inflores- 

 cence, 93 ; of leaves, 78 ; of roots, 32 



ot stems, 55 

 Fovilla (Lat. fffveo, to support, assist). 



The protoplasmic contents of pollen 



grains, 117, 126 

 Foxtail, 187 

 Fragaria, 165 

 Free cell formation, 117 

 Free central placentation, 121, 154, 155, 



161, 170 

 French Beans, 164 

 Fritillary, 184 

 Fruit, 135 

 Functions, of leaves, 85 ; of roots, 34 ; 



of stems, 44,46, 48, 50, 53 

 Fundamental tissue, 412 

 Funiculus (Lat. a little rope). The stalk 



by which many ovules are attached 



to the placenta, 122 

 Furze, 164 

 Fusiform (Lat. fustis, a spindle). 



Spindle-shaped, i.e. pointed at each 



end. Applied to cells, 16; and to 



roots, 32 



QALANTHUS, 185 



^^ CJaleate, Lat. {galeaiiis, a helmed 



warrior). Helmet-shaped, 105 

 Gamopetala (Gr. gavios, a marriape). 



A group of dicotyledons with the 



petals united, 154 

 Gamopetalous. Union of the petals of 



the corolla, 107, 154 

 Gamosepalous. Union of the sepals of 



the calyx, 104 

 Garlic, 184 

 Genera, 156 

 Genista, 162 

 Germination, 25 

 Glans (Lat. an acorn). An achene with 



hardened walls, 142 

 Glomerulus (Lat. a little ball). A 



cyme arranged in a compact head, 98 

 Glumacece, 154, 155, 185 

 Glumes (Lat. glnma, husk). The 



scaly bracts In grasses and sedges, 



93, 154, 18s, 186 

 Good King Harry, 177 

 Goosejoot, 177 

 Grafting, 62 

 Graminace^, 186 

 Granulose (Lat. granntUt a_ grain ot 



corn). One of the constituents of 



starch, n 

 Guard cells. The cells around the 



stomata of the epidermis, 41 

 Gymnosperms , (Gr. gumnos, naked ; 



sperma, a seed). ^ Plants whose seeds 



are not contained in ovaries, 128 



