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DISCUSSION OF FARM MANAGEMENT 



Rotation plan, or order of crops on each field. 



First year . 

 Second year 

 Third year 

 Fourth year 

 Fifth year . 

 Sixth year . 

 Seventh year 

 Eighth year 



. Grass and clover. 



. Pasture (manured). 



. Wheat. 



. Wheat. 



. Legumes and forage. 



. Wheat. 



. Wheat plus legumes. 



. Spring grains (seed to 



It will be observed that the crops growing on 

 the eight fields each year are the same as the 

 " order of crops on each field " in eight years. By 

 carrying out successfully the above plan of rotation 

 on a 160-acre farm, the farmer will raise each year 

 80 acres of wheat, 40 acres of grass and clover (20 

 of which may be used for pasture), 20 acres of small 

 grains other than wheat, and 20 acres of forage 

 crops, part at least consisting of annual legume 

 crops. Each year 20 acres of grass land is given a 

 dressing of manure, and a 20-acre field in wheat is 

 renewed in fertility by a crop of cowpeas or other 

 green-manuring crop planted after the wheat is 

 harvested. Meanwhile, once in eight years the 

 whole farm will have been seeded to grass and 

 clover, each field remaining in grass two years. 



This rotation is adapted to a wheat-growing 

 country, and the money crop, wheat, is grown on 

 one-half of the farm each year, while the other 

 half of the farm is kept in crops that have a more 

 or less renovating effect on the land, and which 

 may be turned into money indirectly by feeding 

 them to live-stock on the farm. In a corn country, 

 corn may be substituted for wheat in the above 

 rotation. 



If this system of rotation does not leave the land 

 in grass long enough, the farm may be divided and 

 the following systems of rotation practiced on each 

 division of four fields for eight years, when the 

 systems may be interchanged, the first taking the 

 place of the second, and the second of the first : 



No. 1 A. 



Rotation plan, or order of crops on each field. 



First year Grass. 



Second year Grass. 



Third year Pasture plus manure. 



Fourth year Pasture plus manure. 



Fifth year Wheat. 



Sixth year Wheat. 



Seventh year Wheat. 



Eighth year Wheat. 



No. 1 B. 



Rotation plan, or order of crops on each field. 



rirst year . . . Legumes and forage. 

 Legumes and forage. 

 Wheat. 

 Wheat. 



First year . 

 Second year 

 Third year . 

 Fourth year 

 Fifth year . 

 Sixth year . 

 Seventh year 

 Eighth year 



, Wheat. 



. Wheat plus legumes. 



. Spring grains. 



. Spring grains (seed to grass). 



four years at a time requires that one field be 

 seeded to grass every two years and that one grass 

 field be plowed every two years and planted again 

 to wheat, requiring sixteen years before the whole 

 farm shall have received a rotation with grass. 



Rotation Plan No. 2. 

 The farm plan, showing crops on all fields for one year. 



Rotation plan, or order of crops on each field. 



. Alfalfa. 



. Alfalfa. 



. Alfalfa plus manure. 



. Alfalfa plus manure. 



. Corn. 



. Cora. 



First year . 

 Second year 

 Third year . 

 Fourth year 

 Fifth year . 

 Sixth year . 

 Seventh year 

 Eighth year 



. Corn. 



. Small grains (seed to alfalfa in fall). 



It will be observed that this is really a double 

 eight-year rotation, or, in fact, a sixteen-year rota- 

 tion ; that is, keeping each of the fields in grass 



If the above plan keeps too much land in alfalfa, 

 the farm may be divided and the following systems 

 of rotation practiced on each division of four fields 

 for eight years, when the systems may be inter- 

 changed, the first taking the place of the second, 

 and the second of the first : 



No. 2 A. 



Rotation plan, or order of crops on each field. 



First year Alfalfa. 



Second year Alfalfa. 



Third year Alfalfa plus manure. 



Fourth year Alfalfa plus manure. 



Fifth year Corn. 



Sixth year Com. 



Seventh year Com. 



Eighth year Com. 



No. 2 B. 



Rotation plan, or order of crops on each field. 



First year . . . Legumes and forage. 



Second year . . Legumes and forage. 



Third year . . . Cora. 



Fourth year . . Com. 



Fifth year . . . Corn plus manure. 



Sixth year . . . Corn plus manure. 



Seventh year . . Spring grains. 



Eighth year . . Spring grains (seed to alfalfa). 



It may be desirable to grow grass as well as 

 alfalfa on the same farm in order to supply pasture 

 for cattle and hay for horses and other stock. If 

 this is so, then the alfalfa rotation plan may be 

 slightly changed and a third system introduced, 

 making a double eight-year or a sixteen-year rota- 

 tion, as follows : 



