148 



LEGAL WEIGHTS OP AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS 



Transplanting machinery (Figs. 230, 843, 871). 



Sweet-potatoes, tomatoes and tobacco are the 

 crops most extensively planted by machinery at 

 the present time. The feasibility of handling cab- 

 bage by machinery is attracting the attention of 

 growers, because of the difficulty of securing suffi- 

 cient hand labor to transplant the extensive acre- 

 age of this crop now grown in the trucking region 

 of the Atlantic coast. Up to the present, however, 

 the work of transplanting the immense numbers of 

 cabbage plants annually produced has all been 

 done by hand, as is also the case with onions and 

 beets which have been subjected to this type of 

 cultivation. It is probable that a machine-trans- 

 planter will never be adapted to the growing of 

 beets or onions because of the limited space be- 

 tween the individual plants, and the proximity of 

 the rows in which they are set ; but where the 

 space between the individual plants is eighteen 

 inches, and the distance between the rows suffi- 

 cient to allow of cultivation by horse-power, as in 

 the case of cabbage, sweet-potatoes, tobacco, toma- 

 toes and peppers, it is perfectly feasible to use a 

 machine to assist in transplanting these crops. 



Truck-growing has reached the point where it is 

 necessary to take advantage of every opportunity 

 to reduce the cost of production. The use of the 

 mechanical transplanter is one of the factors 

 which is bound to play an important part in reduc- 

 ing the cost of producing cabbage. It will un- 

 doubtedly do for cabbage what it has already done 

 for sweet -potatoes and tobacco. Celery, while 

 grown at sufficient distance between the rows to 

 admit of using a transplanter, is set so closely in 

 the rows that it is probable that it will never be 

 feasible to use this implement for transplanting 

 the crop. In fact, many of the plants which require 

 special attention at transplanting time and are 

 more or less exacting in regard to handling will 

 always have to be transplanted by hand. It should 

 be perfectly feasible to handle sugar-cane and 

 cassava with the transplanting-machines. 



LEGAL WEIGHTS OF AGRICULTURAL 

 PRODUCTS 



I. United States. — Adapted from Circular No. 10 of 

 Bureau of Standards, Department of Commerce and 

 Labor, issued April 15, 1905. 



"These tables show the weights in pounds per 

 bushel legally established for various products by 

 the several states and (for customs purposes) by 

 Congress. The lack of agreement between the 

 weights thus locally established is greatly to be 

 regretted; they are published here exactly as they 

 appear in the statutes. The local weights for the 

 more common commodities, such as wheat, corn, 

 and oats, are fairly uniform, but even these do not 

 agree with the weights of Standard United States 

 bushel measures of the respective products. In 

 many cases, moreover, in which the weight of the 

 bushel is iixed by law, purchase and sale are also 

 permitted by capacity measures, which deliver 

 quantities differing from those based on the legal 



weights." Since these figures were compiled, Indian 

 and Oklahoma territories have been combined, and 

 it is not known to what extent the figures now 

 apply in the new state. 



List of products for which legal weights have 

 been fixed in but one or two states : 



Apple seeds, 40 pounds (Rhode Island and Ten- 

 nessee). 



Beggarweed seed, 62 pounds (Florida). 



Blackberries, 32 pounds (Iowa); 48 pounds (Ten- 

 nessee); dried, 28 pounds (Tennessee). 



Blueberries, 42 pounds (Minnesota). 



Bromus Inermis, 14 pounds (North Dakota). 



Cabbage, 50 pounds (Tennessee). 



Canary seed, 60 pounds (Tennessee). 



Cantaloupe melon, 50 pounds (Tennessee). 



Cherries, 40 pounds (Iowa); with stems, 56 

 pounds (Tennessee) ; without stems, 64 pounds 

 (Tennessee). 



Chestnuts, 50 pounds (Tennessee); 57 pounds 

 (Virginia). 



Chufa, 54 pounds (Florida). 



Cotton seed, staple, 42 pounds (South Carolina). 



Cucumbers, 48 pounds (Missouri and Tennes- 

 see); 50 pounds (Wisconsin). 



Currants, 40 pounds (Iowa and Minnesota). 



Peed, 50 pounds (Massachusetts). 



Grapes, 40 pounds (Iowa); with stems, 48 pounds 

 (Tennessee); without stems, 60 pounds (Ten- 

 nessee). 



Guavas, 54 pounds (Florida). 



Hickory nuts, 50 pounds (Tennessee). 



Hominy, 60 pounds (Ohio); 62 pounds (Tennes- 

 see). 



Horseradish, 50 pounds (Tennessee). 



Italian rye-grass seed, 20 pounds (Tennessee). 



Johnson-grass, 28 pounds (Arkansas). 



Kafir, 56 pounds (Kansas). 



Kale, 30 pounds (Tennessee). 



Land-plaster, 100 pounds (Tennessee). 



Meal (?), 46 pounds (Alabama ; unbolted, 48 

 pounds (Alabama). 



Middlings, fine, 40 pounds (Indiana); coarse mid- 

 dlings, 30 pounds (Indiana). 



Millet, Japanese barnyard, 35 pounds (Massa- 

 chusetts). 



Mustard, 30 pounds (Tennessee). 



Plums, 40 pounds (Florida); 64 pounds (Ten- 

 nessee). 



Plums, dried, 28 pounds (Michigan). 



Popcorn, 70 pounds (Indiana and Tennessee); in 

 the ear, 42 pounds (Ohio). 



Prunes, dried, 28 pounds (Idaho); green, 45 

 pounds (Idaho). 



Quinces, 48 pounds (Florida, Iowa, and Tennes- 

 see). 



Rape seed, 50 pounds (Wisconsin). 



Raspberries, 32 pounds (Kansas); 48 pounds 



(Tennessee). 

 ' Rhubarb, 50 pounds (Tennessee). 



Sage, 4 pounds (Tennessee). 



Salads, 30 pounds (Tennessee). 



Sand, 130 pounds (Iowa). 



Spelt or Spiltz, 40 pounds (North Dakota); 45 

 pounds (South Dakota). 



Spinach, 30 pounds (Tennessee). 



Strawberries, 32 pounds (Iowa); 48 pounds (Ten- 

 nessee). 



Sugar-cane seed, 57 pounds (New Jersey). 



Velvet-grass seed, 7 pounds (Tennessee). 



Walnuts, 50 pounds (Tennessee). 



