70 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



Tanagra pretrei Lesson, Cent. Zool., 1831, 122, pi. 45 ("Brazil").— Lafebsnaye, 



Rev. Zool., 1839, 103 (Cuba; crit.). 

 T\_anagra\ pretrei Gray, Gen. Birds, ii, 1844, 365. 

 [Spindalis] pretrei Bonaparte, Consp. Av., i, 1850, 248. 

 Spindalis pretrei Gundlach, Journ. fiir Orn., 1855, 476; 1861, 328; 1862, 189; 1872, 



419; Repert. Fisico-Nat. Cuba, i, 1866, 237.— Brewer, Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H., 



vii, 1860, 307.— Cory, Auk, iii, 1886, 196 (synonymy; descr.); Birds W. I., 



1889, 83 (do.).— Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. N. H., iv, 1892, 309 (Trinidad, 



Cuba) . 

 Spindalis pretrii Sclatee, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xi, 1886, 168 (San Cristobal, 



Cuba).— Cory, Cat. W. I. Birds, 1892, 16, 114, 129. 

 ISpindalis} pretrii Sclater and Salvin, Nom. Av. Neotr., 1873, 21. — Cory, List 



Birds W. I., 1885, 11. 

 Tanagra (Spindalis) pretrei Gundlach, Journ. fiir Orn., 1871, 266, 275. 

 Tanagra zena (not FringiUa zena Linnseus) Vigors, Zool. Journ., iii, no. xi, Dec, 



1827, 441 (Cuba).— D'Obbigny, in La Sagra's Hist. Nat. Cuba, Ois., 1839, 



65, excl. syn. part, pi. 11. 

 T[anagra'] zena Gray, Gen. Birds, ii, 1844, 365 part. 

 Spindalia zena Bchti.T'ER, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1856, 231 (monogr.); Synop. Av. 



Tanagr., 1856, 57, part (Cuba). 



SPINDALIS ZENA ZENA (Linnaeus). 

 BLACK-BACKED SFIin)ALIS. 



Adidt nnale. — Pileum and sides of head black, relieved by a broad 

 superciliary stripe (extending to nape) and a still broader malar stripe 

 of white; chin white; a band across hindneck (extending across sides 

 of neck to posterior extremity of white malar stripe) chestnut, becom- 

 ing lighter and more yellowish (sometimes dull orange-yellow) pos- 

 teriorly; back and scapulars uniform black (rarely slightly intermixed 

 with olive-greenish); upper rump dull yellowish (gallstone or ocher yel- 

 low), passing into bright chestnut on lower rump; upper tail-coverts 

 black; wings and tail black; lesser wing-coverts partly dark chestnut; 

 greater coverts and tertials very broadly edged with white, the other 

 secondaries less broadly and primaries very narrowly edged with the 

 same, the last with basal portion of outer webs white, forming a more 

 or less extensive spot or patch; inner webs of middle rectrices edged 

 (more or less broadly) with white; inner web of outermost i-ectrix 

 with more than terminal half white, the next with nearly the terminal 

 half white, the third usually with a terminal white spot of greater or 

 less extent; throat with two broad lateral stripes of black (narrower 

 and more or less pointed anteriorly, much broader and rounded or sub- 

 truncate posteriorly), these inclosing a median stripe (of varying 

 extent) of rich yellow (Indian yellow or rich lemon yellow); space 

 between broad posterior extremities of black lateral throat stripes, and 

 more or less of chest, chestnut; sides of chest, breast, and upper por- 

 tion of abdomen yellow, usually more or less suffused with chestnut; 

 flanks pale olive-grayish, sometimes broadly streaked or longitudinally 



