186 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



('.'[fis.s-iais] cristatus Swainson, Birds Brazil, etc., 1841, pi. 32. 



[(Vmi'c-Ks] rriKtiiliis Bonaparte, Consp. Av., i, 1850, 427 (Guiana; Brazil). 



Pslarocolius] cWs/a(MS Wagler, Syst. Av., 1827, Psarocolius, Sp. 3. 



0\_stinops'] (TisfatasCABANis, Mus. Hein., i, Sept., 1851, 187 (Brazil; Guiana; "Vene- 

 zuela). 



'Ostinops cristatus Sc-LAimi, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1855, 153 (Bogota); 1858, 455 

 (Gualaquiza Ecuador); Cat. Am. Birds, 1862, 127 (Bogota).— Cassix, Proc. 

 Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860, 138 (Turbo and Rio Atrato, n. Colombia).— Law- 

 rence, Ann. Lye. N. Y., vii, 1861, 297 (Lion Hill, Panama R. R.). — Rein- 

 HARDT, Fuglef. Bras. Camp., 1870, 211 (Guacheand Japui, Brazil). — Tavlok, 

 Ibis, 1864, 88 (Trinidad) .— Sclatee and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1864, 

 354 (Panama R. R.); 1866, 182 (Rio Ucayali, e. Peru); 1867, 750 (Rio 

 Huallaga, e. Peru), 978 (Pebas, upper Amazon); 1873, 265 (Pebas, lower 

 Ucayali, Chyavetas, Chamicuros, and Santa Cruz, e. Peru) ; 1879, 608 (Prov. 

 Yungas, Bolivia).— Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1870, 190 (Bugaba, 

 Chiriqul).— Finsc'h, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1870, 578 (Trinidad).— Wvatt, 

 Ibis, 1871, 328 (lower mountain dists., Colombia). — Pei.zeln, Orn. Bras., 

 1871, 191.— Allen, Bull. Essex Inst. , viii, 1876, 79 (Santarem, lower Amazon) . 



[Ostinops'] cristatus Sclater and Salvin, Nom. Av. Neotr., 1873, 35. 



Genus CACICUS Lacepede. 



Cacicus Lacepede, Tableau method, des Mammif. et des Oiseaux, 1799, 6. (Type, 

 "Cacique," = Cassicus affinis Swainson.?) 



Casfdcus Illiger, Prodromua Orn., 1811, 214. (Type, Oriolus hsemorrlums Lin- 

 naeus. ) 



(?) Archiplanv^^ Cabanis, Mus. Hein., i, Sept., 1851, 186. (Type, Cassicus albi- 

 rostris Vieillot.) 

 Medium-sized to rather large arboreal Icteridaj with bill elongate- 

 conical, acute, the culmen more or less widened, sometimes decidedly 

 swollen, basallj'; nostrils on or below lateral median line of maxilla, 

 small, bored directh' into the horny rhinotheca; tarsus not longer than 

 culmen, equal to or longer than middle toe, with claw; coloration black, 

 with scarlet or yellow patch on rump (the tail -coverts, base of tail, and 

 a patch on wing-coverts sometimes also j'ellow), the bill whitish or 

 pale yellowish. 



Bill variable as to relative length and thickness, usually about as 

 long as head (never conspicuously longer nor shorter), elongate-conical 

 or cuneate, with the acute tip more or less decurved, its basal depth 

 less than half the length of culmen, its basal width decidedh' less than 

 half (sometimes less than one-third) the length of culmen; culmen 

 nearly straight (sometimes faintlj'^ depressed) in middle, slightly 

 decurved terminally, more or less elevated and arched (sometimes very 

 faintlj' so) basally, broad and rounded, especially the basal portion, 

 which is sometimes developed into a rather conspicuous "frontal 

 shield;" gonys straight or faintl}^ t'oncave terminally, shorter than 

 maxilla from nostril; commissure nearly straight for most part, slightly 

 decurved terminallj^, the basal portion slightly deflexed from behind 



1 " Von apxm:^ayoi, 6 nom. prop." 



