330 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



(?) Agelaius phcenwhis Sumicheast, Mem. Boat. Soc. N. H., i, 1869, 553 (Orizaba, 



Vera Cruz). 

 (?) Agelaius phoeniceus Ferraei-Perez, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xi, 1886, 151 (Chietla, 



Puebla). 

 Agelveus guhernator (not Psarocolius gubernator Wagler) Sclatee, Proc. Zool. Soc. 



Lond., 1857, 213 (Orizaba, Vera Cruz); 1859, 365 (Jalapa, Vera Cruz); Cat. 



Am. Birds, 1862, 135, part (Jalapa); Ibis, 1884, 10, part; Cat. Birds, Brit. 



Mus., xi, 1886, 341, part (Jalapa; Orizaba). — Salvin and Godman, Biol, 



Centr.-Am., Aves, i, 1887, 454, part (Orizaba; Jalapa; Laguna del Eosario, 



Tlaxcala?). 

 (?) Agelaius gubernator FtiKRARi-'PER'Ez, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., ix, 1886, 152 (Laguna 



del Rosario and Nativitas, Tlaxcala). — Ameeican Ornithologists' Union, 



Check List, 1886, no. 499, part. 

 [Agelieas] gubernator Sclatee and Salvin, Nom. Av. Neotr, 1873, 37, part. 

 A Igelaiu^} gubernator Ridgway, Man. N. Am. Birds, 1887, 370, part. 

 Agelaius phoeniceus, var. gubemaior Baird, Brewer and Eidqway, Hist. N. Am. 



Birds, ii, 1874, 163, part. 

 xigelaius phoeniceus grandis Nelson, Auk, xiv, Jan., 1897, 57 (Atlexco, Puebla; 



coll. U. S. Nat. Mus.). 

 Agelaius gubernator grandis Eidgway, Proc. Wash'. Ac. Sci., iii, Apr. 15, 1901, 154, 



geog. range). 



AGELAIUS PHCENICEUS PHCENICEUS (Linnaus). 

 RED-WINGED BLACKBIRD. 



Adult male in surmner. — Uniform deep black, with a very faint 

 greenish blue gloss in certain lights; lesser wing-coverts bright poppy 

 red or vermilion (varying to scarlet or even, more rarely, to orange- 

 chrome); middle coverts wholly buff or ochraceous-buff (paler at tips, 

 sometimes almost white in midsummer birds); bill, legs, and feet deep 

 black; iris brown. 



Adddt male in winter. — Similar to the summer male but buff of 

 middle wing-coverts deeper (more ochraceous-buff or buffy clay color) 

 and interscapulars and scapulars narrowly margined with rusty. 



Lnmature male}^S\a.c\i; scapulars and interscapulars broadly mar- 

 gined with rusty and light grayish buffy; pileum and hindneck more 

 or less streaked with the same; innermost greater wing-coverts and 

 tertials broadly edged with light rusty or buffy, the remaining remiges 

 (especially secondaries), greater coverts, and rectrices more narrowly 

 edged with whitish or pale buffy; lesser wing-coverts more or less 

 intermixed with black (except in older birds) and middle coverts with 

 more or less of black (mostly black in younger birds), the red of lesser 

 coverts more orange than in adults; black of under parts more or less 

 broken by dull whitish or buffy margins to feathers, and superciliary 



'There is great variation among immature birds, doubtless according to age; but 

 the series examined is not sufficient to enable me to characterize more explicitly the 

 different stages of transition from young to adult. Winter birds in immature plumage 

 have the lighter markings more distinct and more pronouncedly rusty and buffy than 

 spring examples. 



