BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 443 



coverts, wing-coverts, and tertials plain gray or slate-gray ; secondaries, 

 primaries, and rectrices black, edged with slate-gray, the inner webs 

 of rectrices (except middle pair) white tipped with blackish; under 

 tail-coverts white; under wing-coverts and axillars white, tinged with 

 yellow; inner webs of remiges edged with white; bill black; iris 

 brown; legs and feet dusky (in dried skins), the claws paler. 



Adult male in winter. — Similar to the summer male, but maxilla 

 brownish, darker terminally, and mandible mostl}^ very pale brownish 

 or brownish white. 



Adult female. — Similar to the male, but smaller and much duller in 

 color; olive-green of back extended anteriorly over hindneck and 

 pileum; yellow of under parts less intense, more or less tinged with 

 olive, and becoming much paler on abdomen and flanks, the latter 

 strongly tinged with olive; bill dusky in summer, light-colored (as in 

 winter male) in winter. 



Young. — Pileum, hindneck, back, and scapulars dull olive-greenish; 

 wing-coverts, tertials, rump, and upper tail-coverts slate-gray, tinged 

 with olive, the middle and greater wing-coverts narrowly tipped with 

 light olive-greenish, producing two very indistinct bands; secondaries, 

 primaries, and rectrices as in adults; sides of head pale yellowish olive; 

 chin, throat, and chest dull light grayish olive, darkest on chest; rest 

 of under parts dull white, passing on sides and flanks into olive- 

 grayish. 



Adult maZe.— Length (skins), 118.1-130.8 (123.7); wing, 71.1-74.2 

 (72.9); tail, 46.2-49.8 (48); exposed culmen, 12.9-13.7 (13.2); tarsus, 

 18.3-19.8 (19).^ 



Adult female.—hength (skins), 116.8-125.5 (120.1); wing, 65.5-69,1 

 (67.3); tail, 42.9^8.5 (45); exposed culmen, 12.9-13.5 (13.2); tarsus, 

 18.5-19.6 (19.3).^ 



More southern portions of eastern United States, breeding from 

 Gulf States (northern Florida to eastern Texas), north to Virginia 

 (lower districts), southern Ohio, Indiana (nearly whole State), southei-n 

 Michigan, northeastern Illinois (Cook County), Iowa (Muscatine), 

 southeastern Minnesota, eastern Nebraska (Omaha; Nebraska City), 

 etc. ; occasional northward to Massachusetts (several records), south- 

 eastern New York (Yonkers), Ontario (Hamilton), and Wisconsin, 

 casually to Maine (Calais) and New Brunswick; south in winter to 

 Cuba and through eastern Mexico and Central America to Colombia, 

 Venezuela, and Trinidad. 



Motadlla cUrea Boddaert, Tabl. PI. Enl., 1783, 44 (baaed on Figuier & venire et 



titejaunes de la Louisiana Daubenton, PL Enl., pi. 704, fig. 2). 

 M[niotUta] citrea Gray, Gen. Birds, i, 1848, 196. 

 [Mniotilta'] citrea Gray, Hand-list, i, 1869, 239, no. 3454. 



'Five specimens. 



