BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 



463 



portion of abdomen; auricular region, sides of neck, and sides of breast 

 light grayish olive-green, the chest (sometimes throat also) indistinctly 

 streaked with the same; an indistinct triangular spot or streak of dusky 

 in front of eye and a still less distinct short postocular streak; under 

 tail-coverts, axillars, and under wing-coverts pale yellow (intermediate 

 between straw yellow and sulphur yellow); maxilla dusky horn color, 

 mandible paler, more grayish; iris brown; legs and feet brownish horn 

 color (in dried skins); length (skins), 107.9-121.9 (117.3); wing, 

 60.7-63.2 (62.2); tail, 48.8-52.6 (50); exposed culmen, 9.4-10.4 (9.6); 

 tarsus, 17.3-18.5 (17.8).' (In fall and winter the plumage softer, the 

 tawny-ochraceous crown-patch quite concealed, and the sides of head 

 more tinged with gray.) 



Adult female. — Similar to the adult male in coloration, and not 

 always distinguishable (?); but usually the colors slightly duller, with 

 the tawny-ochraceous crown-patch more restricted, sometimes obso- 

 lete; length (skins), 110.5-118.1 (114.3); wing, 57.4-59.2 (58.4); tail, 

 45.2-49.3 (47.7); exposed culmen, 9.4-10.7 (10.2); tarsus, 17.5-18.5 

 (17.8).'' 



Young., first plumage. — Above dull olive, or grayish olive, becom- 

 ing more olive-greenish or russet-olive, on rump and upper tail-coverts; 

 middle and greater wing-coverts tipped, more or less distinctly, with 

 paler olive or dull buffj^; throat, chest, sides of breast, sides and flanks 

 pale brownish gray, tinged with dull buffy, especially on chest; abdo- 

 men white; otherwise like adults, but without trace of tawny-ochra- 

 ceous on crown. 



[Some autumnal specimens, perhaps younger birds, have the head 

 and neck much tinged with gray, the superciliary streak and eyelids 



' Seven specimens. 



'' Five specimens. 



Specimens from the Atlantic coast district of the United States apparently average 

 rather larger than those from the Mississippi Valley and Rocky Mountain district, 

 though the series measured are much too small to show whether such difference really 

 exists or not. There certainly are no color differences, that I can find, between the 

 two series (embracing seven specimens from the Atlantic States and many times that 

 number from western and northern localities) . Unfortunately absence of sex deter- 

 mination reduces very much the number of specimens available for measurement. 

 The averages of those measured are as follows: 



