BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 575 



patch; broad superciliary stripe, confluent with a patch on side of neck, 

 pale naples or maize yellow; auricular region and lores grayish olive 

 or hair brown; malar region, chin, throat, and chest deep chrome yel- 

 low; rest of under parts dull yellowish white, more strongly tinged 

 with yellowish on breast, the under tail-coverts more nearly white, 

 the longest sometimes with a narrow mesial streak of dusky; sides and 

 flanks streaked with dusky; bill, iris, etc., as in adult male; length 

 (skins), 107.9-116.8 (114); wing, 63-65.5 (64.3); tail, 46.2-47.5 (46.7); 

 exposed culmen, 9.6; tarsus, 17.3-17.8 (17.5); middle toe, 10.9-11.9 

 (11.2).' 



Admit (?) male in autumn and winter. — Similar to the summer 

 female, but upper parts darker, becoming uniform black on rump and 

 upper tail-coverts, the latter margined with whitish; under parts of 

 body more yellowish, with streaks on sides and flanks much broader 

 as well as blacker. 



Towng male in first autumn and winter. — Similar to the summer 

 female in coloration of upper parts, but without yellowish spot in cen- 

 ter of crown; yellow of throat and chest much less orange (dull lemon 

 chrome instead of deep chrome or pale cadmium). 



Adult female in autumn and winter. — Similar to the spring and 

 summer plumage, but whole under parts (except under tail-coverts) 

 yellowish, not conspicuously deeper on throat and chest. 



Young femalein first autumn and winter. — Similar to the adult female 

 of corresponding season, but above browner, with streaks on back, 

 etc., much less distinct, sometimes nearly obsolete; white wing-bands 

 narrower; less white on- lateral rectrices, the inner web of the outer- 

 most rectrix extensively dusky basally ; under parts pale yellowish buff, 

 deepest on chest, paler posteriorly, the sides and flanks indistinctly 

 streaked with grayish brown. 



Young, first flMm,age. — Above deep hair brown, relieved by an 

 indistinct paler longitudinal space in middle of crown and indistinct 

 darker streaks on back and rump; broad superciliary stripe, sides of 

 neck, malar region, chin, and throat very pale grayish bufl'y; chest 

 similar but rather darker and more grayish, faintly spotted with a 

 slightly darker shade; rest of under parts white, the sides and flanks 

 spotted with hair brown; wings as in autumn or winter specimens, 

 but white tips to greater and middle coverts tinged with brownish 

 buff. 



Eastern United States and more southern British Provinces; north- 

 ward to Nova Scotia, Maine, northern Ontario (Muskoka, etc.), Mani- 

 toba (Trout Lake), and southern shores of Hudson Bay (Severn House); 

 west to edge of Great Plains, casually to western Texas (Kendall 

 County, March 31), New Mexico (Fort Bayard, May), and Utah 

 (Ogden, September) ; breeding southward to Connecticut, New York 



^ Five specimens. 



