BIRDS OF NORTH AKD MIDDLE AMERICA 623 



most primary white; a superciliary stripe of lemon yellow, extending 

 from nostrils to just behind the eye, where c'ur\'ing downward and 

 including the posterior half, or more, of lower eyelid; lores, subor- 

 bital region (except the yellow on under eyelid), and greater part of 

 auricular region uniform black, this black extended more or less along 

 edge of lower throat and forming a triangular patch; terminal portion 

 of auricular region olive-green; under parts clear lemon yellow, 

 changing on sides and flanks to olive-green; bill dark brownish, the 

 maxilla sometimes nearly black, the mandible paler basally on under 

 side; iris brown; legs and feet pale yellowish brown or brown'sh 

 yellow in dried skins, pale flesh color in life; length (skins), 121.9- 



130.8 (126.7); wing, 65-74.7(70.1); tail, 49-52.3 (51); exposed culmen, 

 11.4-12.7(11.9); tarsus, 20.8-23.4 (22.3); middle toe, 13.2-14.7 (14).^ 



Aokdt female. — Similar to the adult male and not alwavs distin- 

 guishable, but usually with the gra_v tips to feathers of crown broader 

 (even those of the forehead being thus marked) and more brownish 

 gray, and the black patch on sides of head more restricted and less 

 sharply defined; in some (probably younger) specimens the black of 

 the pileum is entii'ely concealed, and still more rarely' there is no black, 

 the whole pileum being uniform brownish gray; length (skins), 116.8- 



123.9 (119.4); wing, 62.7-66.8 (65); tail, 45.5-49.S (47.2); exposed 

 culmen, 11.2-13 (11.7); tarsus, 20.6-22.9 (21.8); middle toe, 12.7-14.2 

 (13.5).^ 



Young, first plumage. — Above uniform light sepia brown; wings 

 and tail as in adults, but lesser and middle coverts brown, like back, 

 etc., and greater coverts tipped with light brown or strongly tinged 

 with that color; lores dusky; sides of head otherwise similar in color 

 to upper parts, but rather paler, fading gradually into pale buffy brown 

 or brownish buff on chin and throat, this gradually deepening into light 

 broccoli brown on chest, sides, and flanks; abdomen and under tail- 

 coverts pale buffy yellow. 



Eastern United States; breeding from Alabama, Louisiana, and Texas 

 (Harris, Montgomery, Navarro, and Bexar counties) north to southeast- 

 ern New York (Sing Sing), New Jersey, eastern Pennsylvania (Chester 

 and Delaware counties), western Pennsylvania (Beaver County), Ohio, 

 southern Michigan, southern Wisconsin, Iowa (Burlington), and east- 

 ern Nebraska (Omaha; Peru), west to border of Great Plains (Texas 

 to Nebraska); occurring north (but not breeding?) to southern Connec- 

 ticut (SufEeld; Lyme) and Long Island; south in winter to Cuba 

 (accidental), Florida Keys (occasional), and through southern Mexico 

 (Playa Vicente, Oaxaca; Guichicovi, Chiapas), and Central America 

 to northern Colombia (province of Santa Marta). 



' Eight specimens. ^ Seven specimens. 



