BIRDS OF MIDDLE AND NORTH AMERICA. 693 



[Adults in autumn and winter are like those in spring and summer, 

 but have the olive-green of upper parts more decided, the flanks and 

 under tail-coverts more strongly bufly, and the bill light colored, the 

 maxilla being, in both sexes, horn color and the mandible pale l)rown- 

 ish yellow or buffy, in dried skins.] 



Toang, first plumage. — Above uniform olive or dull olive-green; 

 lores and suborbital region dull gray; white marks on both eyelids, as 

 in adults, but less distinct, but supraloral streak obsolete; malar region, 

 chin, and throat dull white, slightly tinged with yellow; chest, sides, 

 and flanks plain deep olive-gray or smoke gray; rest of under parts 

 white. 



Eastern United States; north to Massachusetts (Berkshire County, 

 Maiden, etc.), southern New Hampshire (North Conway), New York 

 (Orleans, Yates, Oneida, and Seneca counties), southern Ontario, 

 southern Michigan, southern Wisconsin, and southern Minnesota — 

 casually to southern Maine (Portland); west to edge of the Great Plains 

 (eastern South Dakota to San Antonio, Texas); breeding southward to 

 southern Texas (Brownsville, Hidalgo, Lomita, etc.), and upper por- 

 tions of Gulf States in general ?. In winter southward through east- 

 ern Mexico and Central America to Costa Rica (San Jose; Lagarto). 



[Twrdus] virens LiNNiEUS, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, i, 1758, 171 (based on Yellow-breasted 

 Chat, Oenanthe americana, pectore luteo, t'atesby, Nat. Hist. Carolina, i, 50, 



pi. 50). 

 Icteria virens Baird, Review Am. Birds, Apr., 1865, 228. — Lawrence, Ann. Lye. 



N. Y., ix, 1868, 95 (Costa Rica); ix, 1869, 200 (Yucatan); Bull. U. S. Nat. 



Mus., no. 4, 1876, 17 (Chihuitan and Santa Efigenia, Oaxaca, Nov., Jan.). — 



Fkantzius, Journ. fiir Orn., 1869, 294 (Costa Rica). — Susik^hrant, Mem. 



Best. Soc. N. H., i, 1869, 54 (Vera Cruz, winter).— Coues, Check List, 1S78, 



no. 100; 2d ed., 1882, no. 144. — Baird, Bbewer, and Ridgway, Hist. N. Am. 



Birds, i, 1874, 307, pi. 15, fig. 12.— Brewster, Ann. Lye. N. Y., xi, 1875, 



137 (Ritchie Co., West Virginia; habits; song). — Brewer, Proc. Bost. Soc. 

 N. H., xvii, 1875, 440 (Massachusetts and Connecticut, rare summer r^sid.); 

 XX, 1878, 303 (North Conway, New Hampshire, breeding.) — Bidgivay, Bull. 

 Nutt. Orn. Club, iii, 1878, 60 (descr. young); Norn. N. Am. Birds, 18S1, no, 

 123; Orn. Illinois, i, 1889, 171.— Sennett, Bull. U. S. (ieol. and Geog. Surv. 

 Terr., iv, 1878, 13 (Brownsville and Hidalgo, Texas, breeding); v, 1879, 388 

 (Lomita, Texas, breeding). — Merrill, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, 1878, 124 

 (Fort Brown, Texas, breeding). — Rathbun, Rev. List Birds Centr. New 

 York, 1879, 14 (rare summer resid.). — Lint.ver, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, viii, 

 1883, 180 (Albany, New York).— Bicknell, Auk, i, 1884, 216 (song).- McIl- 

 WRAiTH, Auk, i, 1884, 389 (Hamilton, Ontario, 1 spec); Birds Ontario, 1894, 

 380 (s. Ontario, breeding). — Ferrari-Perez, Proc. IJ. S. Nat. JMus., ix, 1886, 



138 (Chietla, Puebla, Dec). — American Orithnologists' Union, Check List, 

 1886, no. 683.— Platt, Trans. Meriden Sci. Assoc, ii, 1885-86, 50 (Meriden, 

 Connecticut; occasional summer resid.). — Butler, Bull. Brookville Soc. N. 

 H., no. 2, 1886, 36 (Franklin Co., Indiana; common summer resid. ) . — Allen, 

 Bull. Am. Mus. N. H., i, 1886, 259 (Essex Co., Massachusetts, breeding).— 

 (?) Lloyd, Auk, iv, 1887, 296 (Tom Green Co., w. Texas, spring migr. ).— John- 

 son, Auk, V, 1888, 116 (Maiden, Massachusetts, breeding).— Cooke, Bird 

 Migr. Miss. Val., 1888, 260 (s. e. South Dakota; s. w. Minnesota, etc.; dates 



