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a. Capsule gen. red, r. brown. Leaves broader at base, 

 without hairpoint, r. limbate. 



3. Erythroearpa. Leaves often serrulate above; costa thin 

 excurrent. Capsule mostly red. Tufts small us. loose. Dioecious 

 or r. monoecious. 



4. Alpiniformia. Leaves gen. entire; costa somewhat thick, 

 gen. not (r. shortly) excurrent. Tufts large and dense. Us. 

 dioecious. 



b. Capsule brown or red-brown. Leaves gen. with a by 

 costa not formed hairpoint, often entire; the lower of stem or 

 the upper of shoots often broader above middle. 



5. Trichophora. Leaves us. limbate; costa often abbreviate. 

 Capsule gen. subclavate. Dioecious or r. synoecious. Tufts 

 often large and dense. 



C. Capsule brown. Leaves broader at base, without hair- 

 point, entire or denticulate; costa us. excurrent. Dioecious or 

 sometimes synoecious. 



6. Bimiformia. Leaves gen. broadly limbate and large, 

 sometimes denticulate, often distant. Stem distinct us. high. 



7. CaBSpiticia. Leaves not or very narrowly limbate, gen. 

 entire and not large, crowded. Stem distinct gen. not high. 



8. Gemmiformia. Leaves not or narrowly limbate, small 

 entire crowded. Stem very short with gemmiform shoots. Cilia 

 of endostome sometimes not appendiculate. 



Pachylophus. 



A. Plants small with small leaves. Tufts low. 



1- Argenteiformia. Capsule often red; neck finally narrowed. 

 Costa of leaves subpercurrent or short-excurrent. Stems julaceous. 



2. Yersicoloi'iforniia. Capsule us. (finally) red; neck us. 

 not narrowed. Costa of leaves long-excurrent. Stems r. julaceous. 



B. Plants large with large leaves. 



3. Zonatiforniia. Capsule yellowish; neck finally narrowed. 

 Costa of leaves gen. subpercurrent. Stems not Julaceous, us. 

 very tomentose. 



Cladodium. 

 A. Leaves not (or very faintly) red at insertion. Tufts mostly 

 loose. 



a. Capsule and peristomial teeth red. Leaves not limbate. 

 1. Erji:lirodoiitia. Capsule short-necked, not oblique. Mon- 

 oecious. 



b. Capsule and peristomial teeth brownish or yellowish. 

 Leaves gen. limbate. 



