DESIGN IN NATURE 



Fig. 7. — Gyrocerus ammoiiis, magnilied 150 diameters. Shows exc^uisite spirals resembling those of the fronds of ferns : also 

 segmentation. Comj)are with Fig. 12, p. 21, Plate xxxvi., Fig. 4, p. .'i7, and Plate xxi., Fig. 3, ]). 37. 



Fig. 8. — Scale-like hairs from the seed of Vobxa scamhns, magnified 35 diameters, rolled up in graceful conical spirals ; the hair 

 being uncoiled in the upper part of the figure. These hairs resemble, in a general way, the spiral tendrils of vines, passion flowers, 

 and climbing plants : also many animal structures. 



Fig. 9. — Stellate hairs from the epidermis of Deatzio, scabra, magnified 125 diameters. Similar stellate form.s occur in crystals, in 

 other plants, and in animals (star-fish, &c.). 



Fig. 10. — Hair from the seed of Salvia, magnified 55 diameters. Displays a beautiful open spiral, similar to that seen in the 

 stem of Vorticella, &c. 



Fig. 11. — Stellate hair of the ivy leaf, magnified 100 diameters. Resemble.s flower of plant and star-fish. 



Fig. 12. — Gercumimas crassicmula. A one-celled flagellate, magnified 200 diameters. Resembles spindle-shajn-'d cells in 

 involuntary muscle. 



Fig. 13. — Go7iium pectimdu, magnified 175 diameters. Composed of cells with double flagella. The cells exhibit rhythmic 

 movements in the absence of, and as apart from, muscular fibres. 



Fig. 14. — a, Volvox globator, with daughter and grand-daughter colonies, magnified 25 diameters (after Carter) ; 6, surface 

 view of volvox, showing cells in hexagonal spaces in common jelly. Compare with epithelial, liver, and pigment cells, and also 

 hexagonal cells of honeycomb. Each cell reveals nuclei (n), two flagella, and a contractile vacuole (re), c. Vertical section of wall 

 of volvox, magnified 400 diameters (after Biitschli). 



Fig. 15. — Batrarkospermum monilifoniVj natural size. Shows aggregation, branching, and segmentation. «, Segmented axis 

 with branches ; b, a portion of an axis with whorls of branches magnified ; c, a tuft of branches with spores in the midst more 

 magnified ; d, highly magnified view of a few cells. Shows segmentation and branching. 



Fig. 16.- — Scale of the epidermis of Hippopha'e rliamnoides, magnified 50 diameters. Shows stellate, radiating arrangement from 

 central point, as in many crystals, plant, and animal structui'es. 



Fig. 17. — Corpora amylacea from the human ependyma, magnified 350 diameters. Shows well-marked concentric arrangement 

 as seen in certain crystals, plants, and animal structures. 



Fig. 18. — Anterior ^'iew of human crystalline lens (adult), magnified 2^ diameters. 



Fig. 19. — Funaria hygrometrka, mas;nified 150 diameters. Stomata of the epidermis of the column, 

 radiating arrangements, resembling the Haversian systems of bone on transverse section. 



Fig. 20. — Actinothyrium graminis, highly magnified. Shows radiating arrangement. Compare with Fig. 16. 



Fig. 21. Marchantia polyinorpha, magnified 5 diameters. A sporangial receptacle seen from below. Shows concentric and 

 radiating arrangement of parts. Compare with Figs. 9, 15c, 18, and 20. 



Fig. 22. — Goleochmte scutata. a, Perfect plant, ma^ij'nified 25 diameters ; fc, commencement of the development of a frond 

 magnified 10 diameters. Show concentric and stellate arrangement of parts. ' 



Fig. 23. — Horizontal section of a yearling shoot of a Dicotyledon, magnified 25 diameters. Shows well-marked concentric and 

 radiating arrangements ; similar arrangements are seen in crystals and in many parts of plants and animals. 



Shows stellate, radiating arrangement of fibres. 

 Show concentric and 



