ARRANGEMENTS COMMON TO CRYSTALS, PLANTS, ANIMALS 9 



PLATE V 



Fig. M. Articular surface of human vertebra, showinj; radiating and concentric arrangements (the Author). 



Fig. N. Vertical section of human vertebra. Shows vertical and transverse distribution of the bony tissues — the vertical ]ire- 

 dominating. This arrangement combines great lightness with great strength, especially vertical strength (the Author). 



Pig. O. Epiphysis of vertebra of young whale (proximal or distal surface). Sho^vs well-marked radiating and concentric arrange- 

 ments. Compare w'ith Figs. J, M, S, Q, W, X, and P. 



Fig. p. Articular surface of vertebra nf young whale. Shows radiating and concentric arrangements, the latter being most marked 

 (the Author). 



FtG. Q. Deep-sea coral (Bathyactis symmdrica), from original drawing by C. Berjeau of specimen in British ^fuseum. Shows well- 

 marked radiating and concentric arrangements, the former predominating. Compare especially with Fig. 0. 



Fig. R. Articular surface of vertebra of shark. Shows beautiful concentric rings like the rings of growth in the stems of trees. 

 Compare with Figs. D and K (the Author). 



Fig. S. Transverse section of vertebra of shark. Shows concentric and radiating arrangements. The two spicula3 resemble rudi- 

 mentarv vertebral processes (the Author). 



Flij. T. Vertical section of head of human humerus. Shows vertical, transverse, and oblique distribution of the bnny tissue, which 

 secnres great strength and lightness, better seen in Fig. U (the Author). 



Fig. U. Vertical section of head, neck, and upper part of human femur, showing the bony tissue radiating and disposing itself in 

 beautiful curved arches which interweave and produce an extraordinary degree of strength combined with extreme lightness. As is 

 well known, these parts transmit the weight of the body to the inferior limbs. They furnish a very good example of design (the 

 Author). 



Fig. V. Vertical section of upper portion of tibia. Presents an arrangement similar to that seen at Fig. U (the Author). 



Fig. W. Transverse section of shaft of human femur, showing concentric and radiating arrangements similar to those representing 

 rings of growth in trees (the Author). 



Fig. X. Transverse section of tooth of Cachalot whale, Shows beautiful concentric and radiating arrangements. Compare with 

 Figs. J, ivr, S, 0, P, andj.W (the Author). 



VOL. I. B 



