xii CONTENTS 



PAGE 



634 



Structure and Properties of Voluntary and Involuntary Muscles 



§§ 151-153. Involuntary Muscles— Voluntary Muscles— Mixed Muscles . . 534-535 



MUSCLES ENDOWED WITH CENTRIPETAL AND CENTRIFUGAL MOVEMENTS— 

 SARCOUS ELEMENTS OF MUSCLE— THEIR PECULIAR ACTION 



§§ 154-155. Muscular Motion as Bearing on the Functions performed by the Heart, Blood-vessels, Thorax, 

 Extremities, &c.— How the Muscular Fibres Open and Close the Blood-vessels and the Several Com- 

 partments of the Heart— also how the Stomach, Bladder, Thorax, and Abdomen Open and Close as 

 Wholes or in Parts . . . . .... . . 536-540 



§ 156. Analogy between the Movements of the Thorax, Abdomen, and Heart . . 544 



§ 157. The Movements of the Mammahan Heart, Interrupted and yet Continuous. How the Heart Rests 545 



§ 158. Size of the Cavities of the Heart [Mammal) ... . . ■ 547 



§ 159. Impulse of the Heart {Mammal) . . 547 



THE VALVES OF THE VASCULAR SYSTEM, ESPECIALLY IN MAN 



§§ 160-164. The Venous Valves, their Structure, &c. — The Venous Valves in Action — The Arterial or Semi- 

 lunar Valves, their Structure, &c. — The Arterial or Semilunar Valves in Action — -The Semilunar and 

 Other Valves of the Fish, Reptile, Bird, &c. ... . . 549-556 



§ 165. Intricate Structure of the Bicuspid and Tricuspid Valves in Mammalia — Relations of the Chordae 



Tendinese to these Valves and to the Musculi Papillares ... . 559 



§§ 166-168. The Bicuspid and Tricuspid Valves of the Mammal in Action — The Mechanical and Vital Theories 

 of the Action of the Bicuspid and Tricuspid Valves considered — The Sounds of the Heart : to what 

 Owing ..... . . 561-566 



THE GANGLIA AND NERVES OF THE HEART, AND THEIR CONNECTION WITH THE 

 CEREBRO-SPINAL AND SYMPATHETIC SYSTEMS IN MAMMALIA 



§§ 169-175. The Cervical Cardiac Branches — The Thoracic Cardiac Branches — The Superior Cervical Ganglia 



— The Middle and Inferior Cervical ClangUa — The Upper Cardiac Nerve — The Middle Cardiac Nerve 



The Inferior Cardiac Nerve . . . 570-571 



§§ 176-177. Nerve Plexuses formed on the Roots of the Pulmonary Artery and Aorta in the Calf Nerve 



Plexus formed on the Coronary Sinus of the Calf . . . 572-573 



§§ 178-180. Distribution of the Nerves on the Surface and in the Substance of the Auricles of the Heart of the 

 Calf — Distribution of the Nerves on the Surface and in the Substance of the Ventricles of the Heart of 

 the Horse and Calf — Distribution of the Nerves on the Right and Left Ventricles . 573-575 



§§ 181-182. Distribution of the Nerves in the Human Heart — Nerves and Ganglia of the Human Heart 576-577 



§ 183. Microscopic Appearances presented by the Ganglia found on the Coronary Sinus and Cardiac 



Vessels ............... Knr^ 



§ 184. Why does the Heart act Rhythmically ? ......... F.,,n 



§§ 185-186. Proofs that the Heart may Act independently of the Nerves — Proofs that the Movements of the 



Heart are Regulated and Co-ordinated by the Nerves 5^0-581 



§ 187. The Theory of Irritabihty as bearing on the Action of the Heart considered . Kon 



