CONTENTS ix 



THE TRAVELLING ORGANS OF ANIMALS TO BE REGARDED AS ORIGINAL 



STRUCTURES 



PAGE 



§ 36. The Travelling Organs in Relation to Environment . ... 221 



§ 37. Kant's and Herbert Spencer's Views of Matter and Force . . . 223 



CREATION A PROGRESSIVE WORK 

 §§ 38-39. Scriptural Account of Creation— Geology as Bearing on Creation . 226-229 



§ 40. The Simple and Complex Plants and Animals necessary to Each Other . . . 231 



ORDER IN WHICH PLANTS AND ANIMALS APPEARED ON THE EARTH 



§ 41. Plants and Animals Improvable up to a Point . 233 



NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL SELECTION CONTRASTED AND CONSIDERED 



§ 42. Everything Controlled and under Supervision . 235 



§ 43. Plants and Animals subject to Disease . ... . . 236 



THE UNIVERSE AS A WORKING SYSTEM 

 §§ 44-48. Consideration of the Terms Irritabihty, Stimulation, Environment, and Instinct . 239-243 



Instinct and Intelligence .... 245 



§ 49. Effect of Cosmic Changes on Plants and Animals . ... 246 



§ 50. Ehythmic Movements in Plants and Animals are Repetitions of Rhythms occurring in External Nature . 249 



Rhythms and Reflexes in Plants and Animals: their Nature and Uses 252 



§ 51. Muscular Movements Inherent, Spontaneous, and Independent — Not caused by Nerve Action . . 253 

 § 52. Nerve Reflexes in Animals — Definitions of Reflex Acts — Subjects Connected with Reflex Manifesta- 

 tions, &c. 258 



§ 53. Rhythmic Muscles — Rhythms not Confined to Involuntary Muscles 269 



§ 54. Respiratory Rhythmic Movements in Animals— New Explanation of these Movements 272 



§ 55. The Respiratory Organs in Animals and in Man Structurally Considered . . 274 



§ 56. The Respiratory Movements, especially in Man — New View of the Mechanism of Respiration — The Muscles 



of the Chest, Abdomen, and Diaphragm all Involved 277 



§ 57. The Mycetozoa . . 299 



§ 58. Protoplasmic, Amoebic, Muscular, and other Movements . . . 312 



§ 59. Muscular Action (Voluntary and Involuntary), as bearing on Locomotion, Respiration, Circulation, Ahmen- 



tation. Urination, Defecation, and Parturition ... . . . 327 



RUDIMENTARY FORMS IN RELATION TO MOVEMENT, REPRODUCTION, AND LIFE 

 §§ 60-65. Movements, &c., of the Amceba, Paramecium, Gromia, Mycetozoa, Zooid, Monad, Vorticella, &c. 332-340 

 § 66. Animals specially constructed as Air-breathers, and Water-breathers, and for Land, Water, and Air 



Transit ... . 342 



§ 67. A Creator, Designer, and Upholder necessary to the Universe as we know it . . 347 

 VOL. I. b 



