PROFESSOR HUXLEY'S VIEWS ON EVOLUTION 



PLATE LXXVI 



a- 



215 



A. Skeleton of the right fore leg of the ox {Bns tauruB). a, Scapula ; h, spine of scapula ; c, scapulo-hunieral articulation ; 

 d, humerus ; e, humero-radial articulation ; /, olecranon ; g, ulna ; h, radius ; i, carpal bones ; j, k, large metacarpals ; /, small meta- 

 carpal ; I, suffraginis ; m, coronary ; n, pedal bone (I, m, n form the first, second, and third phalanges). Drawn from nature by 

 C. Berjeau for the Author. 



B. Skeleton of the right fore limb of the horse (Equua caballus). a, Scapula ; b, spine of scapula ; c, scapulo-humeral articulation , 



d, humerus ; e, humero-radial articulation ; /, olecranon ; </, ulna ; li, radius ; i, carpal bones ; j, large metacarpal or cannon bone ; 

 /, small metacarpal or splint bone ; I, sufTraj;inis ; m, coronary ; a, pedal bone [l, m, n form the first, second, and third phalanges). 

 Drawn from nature by C. Berjeau for the Author. 



C. Skeleton of the right winf; of the whooper swan (Oygnus mudcus). a, Scapula; c, scapulo-humeral articulation ; d, humerus ; 



e, humero-radial articulation ; /, olecranon ; g, ulna ; h, radius ; i, radio-ulnar-carpal articulation ; 0, carpo-metacarpus ; p, first digit 

 or thumb ; 7, second digit ; r, third digit. Drawn from nature by C. Berjeau for the Autlior. 



the limbs of vertebrates are solely connected with the locomotion of the animals, and have nothing to do with 

 descent and consanguinity. 



5. That the phalanges (fingers and toes) of vertebrates are original endowments conferred upon animals during 

 their development and at birth, and that they are not after-thoughts or modifications due to externahties, environ- 

 ment, or alteration of plan. 



6. That this view is confirmed by the fact that all animals, to whatever order, family, or class they 

 belong, must conform (as far as their traveUing organs are concerned) rigidly to the principles which govern 

 progression on the land, in the water, and in the air respectively. 



