104 



BUDDING AND GRAFTING 



stored away in a cool cellar, and usually covered with sand 

 until the following spring, when they are set out in the 

 nursery row. A temperature of about 35° to 40° F. is 

 required for storing the grafts. In tongue or whip grafting 



the cion usually bears from three 

 to four buds. The number of 

 buds, however, is also determined 

 by the section of the country in 

 which the grafting is done. When 

 root grafting is performed in the 

 northern sections where winter 

 killing is apt to occur, sometimes 

 long cions taken from trees that 

 are acclimated to that region 

 are used. Cions eight or ten 

 inches long are used in these 

 regions because they can be 

 planted deep, and roots will 

 finally develop on the cion. In 

 such a case if the stock of the 

 graft is winter killed the plant 

 will still grow. The piece of 

 root on which the grafting is 

 done acts as a temporary sup- 

 port and aids the plant to get 

 started. 



Saddle Graft. — Saddle graft- 

 ing is usually employed upon 

 herbaceous plants or plants that 

 have thick fleshy tissue like the 

 cacti. It is very convenient 

 for grafting small plants. In 

 making the saddle graft the cion 

 is split near the middle. The stock is then cut wedge- 

 shape by two draws of the knife, and the cion fitted over 

 the wedge and secured in some way. In the grafting of 

 cacti by this method it is the common practice to use one 

 of the spines to hold the two parts together. The union of 

 the two parts will soon take place. In woody plants the 



Fig. 43. — A root graft after 

 one year. Note the union in 

 the longitudinal section. 



