420 NATURAL SYSTEM OF LINDLEY. 



Section rv. Amphibeta (&ii4>l, around). Stem increasing at the circumfer- 

 ence. Vegetation peripherical. 



Section v. Acramphibbya (&Kpa, ifujil, and ppia). Stem increasing botlj 

 by apex and circumference. Vegetation peripherico-terminal. 



Cohort 1. Gymnospermse (yvfi-vbi, naked, and air4pna, seed). Ovules 

 nalted, receiving the fecundating matter directly at the micropyle. 

 Conifers. 



Cohort 2. Apetalse (a, privative or without, and iriraXov, a petal. Perin 

 gone either wanting or rudimentary or single, green or coloured, free 

 or adherent to the ovary. 



Cohort 3. Gamopetalse (yd/ios, union). Perigone double : outer calycine, 

 inner corolline ; gamopetalous, rarely wanting hy abortion. Mono- 

 petalse of Jussieu. 



Cohort 4. Dialypetalse (SiaXiiw, I separate). Perigone double ; outer caly- 

 cine, parts distinct or united, free or attached to the ovary ; inner 

 corolline, parts distinct or very rarely cohering by means of the base 

 of the stamens ; insertion hypogynous, perigynous, or epigynous ; 

 sometimes abortive. Polypetals of Jussieu. 



Under these sections Endlicher enumerates 279 natural orders, which 

 are grouped under 61 classes. 



Dimsion of the Vegetable Kingdom by Idndley. 1839. 



(. Cyclogens, I Class I. Exogens (proper). 



Exogens . . < (Wood in circles), j II. Gyimiogens (naked seeds). 



( Wood in Wedges, III. Homogens. 



( Spermogens, I IV. Dictyogens (leaves reticulated). 



Endogens . . i. (Bearing seeds), ( V. Eudogens (proper). 



( Bearing spores, VI. Sporogens or Rhizanths. 



Acroseni j Distinct Stem, VII. Cormogens. 



^ . . I Qjjjy ^ Thallus. VIII. Thallogens. 



In the Exogens and Endogens the following subordinate series of sub- 

 classes are formed : — 



1. Consolidated. Floral envelopes are united both with each other and the sta- 



mens, and are attached to the ovary. 



2. Separated. Floral envelopes and stamens are united to each other, but the 



ovary is consolidated and free. 



3. Adlierent. Petals and sepals adhere to each other and the stamens, and are 



attached to ovary, but have their parts disunited. 



4. Disunited. Petals and sepals adhere to each other and the stamens, hut have 



their parts disunited, and are not attached to the consolidated ovary. 



5. Dissolved. Petals and sepals are distinct from the stamens, and also frond the 



ovary, whose carpels are disunited, either whoEy or by the styles. 



In each of these subdiTisions the orders are arranged in two series, 

 the one Albuminous, the other Exalbuminous. 



I/indley's Dimsion of the Vegetable Kingdom. 1846. 



Asexual or Flowerless Plants. 



Stem and leaves undistinguishable .... Class I . Thallogens. 

 Stem and leaves distinguishable , . . . . . II. Acrogens. 



