NATUEAL AEEANGEMENT OF HOOKER. 423 



The following is Dr. Hooker's synopsis of classes, sub-classes, and 

 cohorts : — 



Sub-Kingdom I. — PaaENOQAMOTJS, Cottlbdonous, ob Floweeinq 

 Plahts. 

 Class I. Dicotyledons. 

 Sut-class I. Angiospermous. 



Ovules produced in a closed ovary, fertilised by the pollen-tube tra- 

 versing a stigmatic tissue to reach, the cavity of the ovary, and hence 

 the emhryo-sac of the ovule. 



Division'I. Polypetalons. 



Flowers with both a calyx and a corolla, the latter of separate petals. 



Series I. Thalamifloral. 



Sepals usually distinct and separate, free from the ovary. Petals 

 1-2-oo-seriate, hypogyhous. Stamens hypogynous, rarely inserted on 

 a short or long torus, or on a disk. Ovary superior. 

 Cohorts. — 1, Eanales ; 2, Parietales ; 3, Polygalales ; 4, Caryophyllales ; 

 5, Guttiferales ; 6, Malvales. 



Series II. Discifloral. 



Sepals distinct or connate, free or adnate to the ovary. Disk usually 

 conspicuous, as a ring or cushion, or spread over the base of the 

 calyx-tube, or confluent with the base of the ovary, or broken up into 

 glands. Stamens usually definite, inserted upon or at the outer or 

 inner base of the disk. Ovary superior. 

 Cohorts. — 7, Geraniales ; 8, Olacales ; 9, Celastrales ; 10, Sapindales. 



Series III. Calycifloral. 



Sepals connate (rarely free), often adnate to the ovary. Petals 1- 

 seriate, perigynous or epigynous. Disk aduate to the base of the 

 calyx, rarely tumid or raised into a torus or gynophore. Stamens 

 perigynous, usually inserted on or beneath the outer margin of the 

 disk. Ovary frequently inferior. 

 Cohorts. — 11, Eosales ; 12, Myrtales ; 13, Passiflorales ; 14, Picoidales ; 

 15, Umbellales. 



Division II. Monopetalous. 



Flowers furnished with both sepals and petals, the latter connate. 

 Series I. Epigynous. 

 Ovary inferior. 

 Cohorts.— 16, Caprifoliales ; 17, Asterales ; 18, Campanales. 



Series II. Hypogynous or Perigynous. 

 Ovary superior. 

 Cohorts. — 19, Ericales ; 20, Primulales ; 21, Ebenales ; 22, Gentian- 

 ales ; 23, Polemoniales ; 24, Solanales; 25, Personales ; 26, Lamiales. 



Division III. Apetalous or incomplete-flowered. Flowers with a single 

 floral envelope (the calyx) or none. 

 Subdivision I. Ovary superior — ^perianth usually distinct. 



Cohorts 27, Chenopodiales ; 28, Laurales ; 29, Daphnales ; 30, 



Urticales; 31, Amentales ; 32, Euphorbiales ; 33, Piperales,; 34, 

 Nepenthales. 



