510 CORNACEiE — CAPEIFOLIACEiE. 



4, inserted along with tlie petals, and alternate with them ; anthers 

 ditheeal. Ovary adherent to the tube of the calyx, 2-celIed, crowned 

 by a disk ; ovules solitary, pendulous, anatropal ; style filiform ; stigma 

 simple. Fruit fleshy, crowned by the limb of the calyx, 2-celled, 

 rarely 1-celled by abortion'; endocarp bony (fig. 569, p. 314). Seeds 

 solitary, pendulous ; embryo straight, long, in the axis of fleshy albu- 

 men ; radicle superior, shorter than the oblong cotyledons. — Trees, 

 shrubs, or herbs, with opposite, very rarely alternate, exstipulate 

 leaves, and capitate, umbellate, or corymbose, or amentiferous flowers. 

 They inhabit the temperate climates of Europe, Asia, and America ; 

 also met with in Australia and New Zealand, and in Africa. The orders 

 Alangiace* and Gaekyace^ are included in this order. The bark 

 of Cornus florida and sericea is used in America as a tonic and febrifuge. 

 The fruit of Cornus mascula has been used as food, and the seeds of 

 Cornus sanguinea furnish oil. From the wood of Cornus mascula, or 

 Ahenia, of the Greeks, the Kizziljiek or Eedwood of Turkey, the Turks 

 obtain the dye for their red fez. The fruit stewed and mixed with 

 water forms a good drink in hot weather, and from its astringency it 

 is useful in diarrhoea. The fruit of Cornus suecica, a species found on 

 the Scotch mountains, is reputed tonic. Aucuba japonica has leaves 

 which exhibit a variegated aspect. Garrya elliptica is prized for its 

 peculiar silky catkins. It has unisexual .flowers. Some species of 

 Alangium yield edible fruits, others are purgative. Authors give 12 

 genera and 75 species. Examples — Cornus, Alangium, Aucuba, Garrya, 

 Nyssa. 



Section II. — GAMOPETAL.ffi;. — Petals united; stamens usually 

 epigynous. 



This section includes the Monopetalous orders of Jussieu, and the 

 Gamopetalae of Endlicher, in which the ovary is inferior ; or, in other 

 words, in which the calyx is superior. Many authors put this section 

 as an epigynous division of the sub-class Corollijlorae. DecandoUe's 

 arrangement is followed in this Work. 



Order 93. — CAPEiFOi,iACB.a], the Honeysuckle Family. {Monopet. 

 Epigyn.) Calyx with its limb 4-5 lobed, usually bracteated. Corolla 

 superior, lobed, usually regular and gamopetalous, sometimes irregular. 

 Stamens epicoroUine, equal in number to the lobes of the corolla, and 

 alternate with them. Ovary adherent to the tube of the calyx, usually 

 3-celled, rarely 4-5-celled ; ovules few in each cell, pendulous ; style 

 one or none ; stigmas 3-5. Fruit fleshy or dry, crowned by the limb 

 of the calyx, indehiscent, uni- or multi-locular ; endocarp sometimes 

 bony. Seeds solitary, or several in each cell, pendulous ; spermoderm 

 often bony ; embryo small in the centre of fleshy albumen ; radicle 

 next the hilum. — Shrubs or herbs, with opposite exstipulate leaves, 

 and corymbose flowers. Chiefly found in the northern parts of 



