CAPEIFOLIAOE^ — EUBIACE^. 



511 



Europe, Asia, and America ; found very sparingly in northern Africa, 

 and little known in the southern hemisphere. The order has been 

 divided into two sub-orders : — 1. Lonicereae, the true Honeysuckles, 

 with a regular rotate or tubular corolla, three sessile stigmas, and a 

 raphe on the inner side of the ovule. 1. Sambucese, the Elder Tribe, 

 with a corolla more or less tubular, often irregular, a filiform style, 

 and a raphe on the outside of the ovule. Genera, 14 ; species, 200. 

 Examples — Lonicera, Diervilla, Leycesteria, Linnsea, Adoxa, Sambu- 

 cus, Viburnum. 



Many of the plants, such as the Honeysuckle and Elder, have 

 odoriferous flowers. Some possess emetic and purgative properties. 

 The fruit of Samhucus nigra, the Common Elder, is used in the manu- 

 facture of a kind of wine. The flowers contain a concrete volatUe oU, 

 and a minute portion of a volatile odoriferous oil. They are used for 

 making an aromatic distilled water. The inspissated juice of the fruit, 

 and the inner bark, possess purgative qualities. Viburnum Opulus, the 

 G-ueldres Eose, often cultivated in gardens, is called snowball, from its 

 globular head of abortive flowers. Viburnum Lantana has an acrid 

 bark. Viburnum Tinus is the Laurustinus of gardeners. Linncea borealis 

 (two-flowered Linnsea) is a northern plant, named after Linnaeus. Sym- 

 phoricarpus racemosus yields the Snowberry, which is a dipyrenous drupe. 



Order 94. — Eubiacb^, the Madder and Peruvian Bark Family. 

 (Monopet. Epigyn.) (Figs. 726-732.) Calyx superior, the limb with 



Kg. 728. Fig. 721. 



Fig. 726. Fig. 729. Fig. 731. Fig. 730. 



a definite number of divisions (usually 4-5), sometimes obsolete (fig. 

 728 c). Corolla gamopetalous, regular, tubular, or rotate (fig. 728 p), 



Figs. 726-731. Illustrations of the natural order EuMaeese. Fig. 726. Diagram of the 

 flower of Galium Mollugo, belonging to the section Stellatse. Calyx nearly obsolete, corolla 

 rotate, 4-lobed, 4 stamens, and didymous ovary. Fig. 727. Flower entire. Fig. 728. 

 Flower cut vertically, c, Calyx adherent to the ovary, o, which is 2-oelled. p, Corolla, 

 e e. Stamens surrounding the style and stigmas, Fig. 729. Fruit of Eubia tioctoria. 

 Madder. Fig. 730. The same, showing the separation of 'the two carpels. Fig. 731. 

 The seed cut vertically, p, Perisperm. e, Curved embryo. 



