LENTIBULAEIACB^ — PEIMULACE^. 557 



Order 133. — Lentibulaeiacb^, the Butterwort Family. {Mono- 

 -pet. Hypog.) Calyx inferior, divided, persistent. Corolla monopeta- 

 lous, hypogynous, irregular, bilabiate, usually spurred. Stamens 2, 

 inserted into the base of the corolla, and included ; anthers monothecal, 

 sometimes contracted in the middle. Ovary free, composed of 2 car- 

 pellary leaves, unilocular ; ovules 00, anatropal ; placenta free, central ; 

 style 1, very short ; stigma bilamellar. Fruit, a 1 -celled capsule, 

 dehiscing transversely, or by an apicilar cleft. Seeds numerous, 

 minute, exalbuminous ; embryo sometimes undivided; radicle next 

 the hUum. — Aquatic or marsh herbaceous plants, with radical leaves, 

 which are sometimes compound, and bear little bladders or ampullse. 

 Flowers often on scapes. They are found in all parts of the world, 

 and abound in the tropics. There are 3 genera, includuig about 130 

 species. Examples — Utricularia, Pinguioula. 



The plants of the order have no properties of importance. The 

 name of Butterwort, given to the species of Pinguicula, may be de- 

 rived from the property of giving consistence to milk. Others say 

 that it has reference to the greasy appearance of their foliage. 

 Linnseus declares that the solid milk of the Laplanders is prepared 

 by pouring it warm and fresh from the cow over a strainer on which 

 fresh leaves of Pinguicula have been laid. Of the four British species, 

 one {P. grandifiora) is peculiar to Ireland, and another (P. alpina) is 

 peculiar to Scotland. The leaves, of Pinguiculas secrete a viscid fluid, 

 which detains insects. They also curl inwards at the margin (p. 383). 

 Utricularias, Bladderworts, are so called on account of the utricles or 

 bladders connected with the leaves (p. 100). In the interior of these 

 vesicles a mucous fluid is found along with cellular projections in the 

 form of hairs. Utricularia nelumiifolia grows in the water which 

 collects . in the bottom of the leaves of a large Tillandsia in BrazU. 

 It sends out runners and shoots, and often in this way unites several 

 plants of Tillandsia. The leaves are peltate, and more than three 

 inches across, while the flowering stem is two feet long. 



Order 134. — Primulace^, the Primrose Family. (Monopet. 

 Hypog.) Calyx 5- rarely 4-cleft (fig. 296, p. 197), inferior or half 

 superior, regular, persistent (figs. 785 c; 787). Corolla monopetalous 

 (fig. 320 p, p. 206), hypogynous (fig. 785), rarely perigynous, with 

 the limb 5- rarely 4-cleft, sometimes (fig. 642, p. 367). Stamens 

 inserted on the corolla, equal in number and opposite to its segments 

 (figs. 784, 785). Ovaiy free (figs. 785, 786 o), rarely adherent to 

 the base of the calyx, 1 -celled ; ovules 00, usually amphitropal ; style 

 1 (fig. 785 s) ; stigma capitate (fig. 785). Fruit a capsule, opening 

 with valves (fig. 787), or with a lid (fig. 554, p. 307). Seeds nume- 

 rous, peltate (fig. 788), attached to a free central placenta (fig. 787); 

 embryo straight (fig. 790), enclosed within fleshy albumen, and lying 

 across the hilum (fig. 789). — Herbaceous plants, with leaves usually 



