GEAMINE^. 



629 



stigmas feathery or hairy (fig. 446, p. 251, 873 5 s). Fruit a caryopsis 

 (fig. 563, p. 310). Seed incorporated -with the pericarp ; embryo len- 



Kg. 873. 



Fig. 875. 



ticular, lying on one side of farinaceous albumen (fig. 591, p» 333); 

 near its base (figs. 874, 875) ; endorhizal in germination (fig. 105, 



Figs. 870-875. Organs of fructification of Avena sativa, common cultivated Oat, to 

 illustrate the natural order Graminege. Fig. 870. Spikelet of the Oat. a, Axis of inflores- 

 cence or rachis. ge, Exterior or lower glume. gi. Inner or upper glume, ff, Inferior 

 fertile flower, fa, Two upper abortive flowers. Fig. 871. The same spikelet with the 



envelopes separated to show the internal parts, a a. Axis of inflorescence, ge, Outer 

 glume, gi, Inner glume, pe. Outer palea of the fertile flower with its awn (arista), pi, 

 Inner palea, cleft at the apex, and apparently formed hy two united, e. Three stamens. ' 

 0, Pistil consisting of the ovary and two styles, fa, Two abortive flowers. Fig. 872. 



Diagram of the spikelet, ge. Outer glume,_ gi, Inner glume, pe. Outer palea with awn ; 

 the inner palea being opposite, e. Stamens, o, Pistil. II, Scales or lodiculse. fs,fs, 

 Barren flowers. Fig. 873. Fertile flower deprived of glumes and palese. e, Three stamens 

 with versatile cleft anthers, p, Scales (squamae or lodiculse) par,tially united, o. Ovary 

 ultimately forming the grain, which consists of pericarp and seed combined, s s, Two styles 

 with feathery stigmas. Fig. 874, Vertical section of the Caryopsis (fruit or grain), with 

 the upper portion cut off. 1 1, Integuments of the caryopsis and of the seed united, pp, 

 Perisperm. e, Embryo.* r, Eadicle. ca, Cotyledon, /, Slit corresponding to the plumule. 

 Fig. 875. Embryo separated, r, Eadicle. c a. Cotyledon. /, Slit corresponding to the 

 plmaule. 



