678 LATITUDINAL RANGE OF VEGETATION. 



In Africa — Bruniacese, Brexiaoeae, Belvisiacess, Penseaceffl. 



In North America — Sarraceniacese. 



In Soutli America — Riiizobolacese, Monimiaceaj, Simarubacese, Vochysiacea;, 

 Calyceraceae, Escalloniaceffi, Humiriaceas, Lacistemacese, Papayaoese, GillieaiacesE, 

 Gesneracese. 



In Australia — Tremandracese, EpacriclaceiK, Goodeniaceas, Stackhoiisiacea;, 

 BrvmoniaceEe! 



He also gives the following list of natural orders, as prevailing in the 

 northern hemisphere and southern hemisphere ; — 



In tlie nortliern hemispliere tlie following natural orders abound or are pre- 

 dominant : — Aceracese, Aurantiacese, Artocarpese a section of Urtioacese, Amen- 

 tiferse, Berberidacese, Boraginaoeie, Caryophyllacese, Cistacese, Cruciferse, Coniferie, 

 'Campanulaoese, Caprifoliacese, Dipsacacese, Elseagnacese, Fnmariacese, Grossulari- 

 acese, Hypericaceie, Hippocastaness a section of Sapindaceae, Hamamelidacea;, 

 MagnoliaceaB, OnagracCEe, Orobancliaoeae, Papaveraoeffi, Eosacese, Ranunculacese, 

 Rutacece, Eesedaceie, Saxifragacese, XJmbelliferse, Vacciniacese, Alismaceas. 



In the southern hemisphere the following natural orders are predominant : — 

 Atherospermacese, Cactacese, Crassnlaceae, Capparidaceae, Diosmeaj a section of 

 Eutacese, Dilleniacese, Geraniacese, Heliotropese a section of Bhretiacese, Myrtaceae, 

 Melastomaceae, Mesembryaceae, Myoporineae a section of Verbenaceae, Malpighi- 

 aceae, Oxalidaceas, Pittosporaoeae, Polygalaceae, Proteacess, Soaevoleae a section of 

 Goodeniaceae, Spigeleae a section of Loganiaceae, Stylidiaceae, AmaryllidacKB, 

 HaemodoracerG, Iridaceae, Eestiaceae. 



It is sometimes difficult to teU in what division of the globe a family 

 may be said to be chiefly represented, inasmuch as the species and 

 genera are nearly equal in different countries. When a, group of 

 plants occurs only in one of the six great divisions of the globe, it is 

 said to be monomic (/^ovog, one, and vo,u,6s, a region). Thus, Vochy- 

 siaceaa, being confined to South America, is a monomic family ; and 

 Clifiortia, whose shrubby species are all indigenous to South Africa, is 

 a monomic genus. Again, a natural family, common to all the 

 divisions, is polynow.ic ; and so also genera, as Viola or Eanunculus. 

 If restricted to two or more divisions, the groups are dinomic, trinomic, 

 etc. Aceracese, found in Europe, Asia, and North America, are 

 trinomic. 



5; — Phyto-Gbo&raphical Division of the Globe. 



The subject will be considered in two points of view : — 1. In 

 respect to the horizontal or latitudinal range of vegetation ; and 2, 

 In respect to its vertical or altitudinal range. 



Latitudinal Range of Vegetation. 



Various attempts have been made to divide the globe into zones 

 or kingdoms, founded on the characters impressed upon them by the 

 nature of the vegetation. WOldenow, Treviranua, De OandoUe; 

 Schouw, and Meyen, have each proposed arrangements. Those of 

 Schouw and Meyen chiefly deserve attention. 



Schouw, in his divisions, proceeds on the principle of the predomi- 



