SCHOUW'S PHYTO-GEOGKAPHIO REGIONS. 683 



Citrus, Rhamnus, and Lonicera, are abundant. Among the more 

 characteristic species are Eriobotrya japonica the Loquat, Oryptomeria 

 japonica, Salisburya adiantifolia, Pseonia Moutan, Anemone japonica, 

 Stillingia sebifera the Tallow-tree, Camphora oflBcinalis, Azalea sinensis, 

 Wistaria sinensis, Gossypium religiosum, Enkianthus quinqueflorus, 

 Cymbidium sinense, Pinus sinensis, P. Jezbensis, Juniperus rigida, J. 

 chinensis, Podocarpus Nageia, and species of Biota. Sciadopitys 

 verticUlata, Thuiopsis dolabrata, Torreya nucifera, Cephalotaxus dru- 

 pacea. Mean temperature, 54° to 68°. The cultivated plants are — 

 Rice, Wheat, Barley, Oats, Millet, Buckwheat, Apple and Pear, 

 Quince, Plum, Cherry, Apricot, Peach, Loquat, Orange and Shaddock, 

 Melon, Tea, Hemp, Paper-Mulberry, Cotton, and False Sago. 



7. The Region of Zingiberaceee, or the Indian Flora (Roxburgh's 

 Region). — Zingiberacess here are much more numerous than in America, 

 as well as Leguminosse, Cucurbitacese, and Tiliacese, although in a less 

 degree. It comprehends India east ' and west of the Ganges, the 

 island of Ceylon and the south-eastern Peninsula, to the height of 

 4500 to 5500 feet above the level of the sea. The Coco-nut, Man- 

 gosteen, Turmeric, Cinnamon, Cotton, Indigo, Clove, and Pepper, are 

 abundant. In the island of Ceylon we meet with Salvadora persica, 

 Feronia Elephantum, Thespesia populnea, Chloroxylon Swietenia, 

 Schleichera trijuga, and Borassus flabelliformis. The south of China 

 and Oochin-China may be considered as a distinct region. It partly 

 resembles that of India, but contains many peculiar plants. In the 

 island of Formosa occurs Fatsia papyrif^ra, the Rice-paper plant ; near 

 Hong Kong are found Chirita sinensis, Rhodoleia Championi, Arun- 

 dina sinensis, Spathoglottis Fortuni, Cunninghamia sinensis, Olea 

 fragrans. Campanula grandiflora, Brassica chinensis, Enkianthus reti- 

 culatus, Litchi and Longan fruits, Ficus nitida. Bamboo, and Orchids. 

 Mean temperature, 66° to 83° F. The cultivated plants are — Rice, 

 Coco-nut, Tamarind, Mango, Ginger, Cinnamon, Mangosteen, Peppers, 

 Indigo, Cotton, Coffee, Bananas, Guava, Orange and Shaddock, Sugar- 

 cane, Cloves, Turmeric. 



8. The Region of Tree Rhododendrons, the Emodic Region, or the 

 Mountains of India (Wallich's Region). — This comprises the Alpine 

 region south of the ridge of the Himalaya. It includes Sirmore, Gur- 

 wal, Kamaon, Nepaul, and Bhotan, to a height of from 5000 to 12,000 

 feet above the level of the sea. Some tropical plants grow in the 

 lower parts of the region. Extra-tropical, more especially European 

 forms, make their appearance. Deodar, Pinus excelsa, P. Webbiana, 

 and other Coniferse, are met with. Abies Smithiana reaches 10,000 

 feet on the Himalaya. Some European species occur in these high dis- 

 tricts, for instance. Ranunculus sceleratus. Nasturtium ofiElcinale, Vero- 

 nica Anagallis, and Polygonum amphibium. Ohamserops Khasyana, 



