SCHOXIW'S PHYTO-GEOGEAPHIC EEGIONS. 691 



litris australis, Oyster-Bay Pine, 50-70 feet high ; C. Gunnii, native 

 Cypress, 6-10 feet ; Arthrotaxis selaginoides, A. cupressoides, and A. 

 laxifolia; Microcachrys tetragona, 15-20 feet; Podoearpus alpina, P. 

 Lawrencii ; Phyllocladus asplenifolia, celery-topped or Adventure Bay 

 Pine, 50-60 feet; Dacrydium Franklinii, Huon Pine, 60 to 100 feet 

 high, with a diameter of 2 to 8 feet. The banks of the Huon river 

 are clothed with the loftiest and most valuable timber-trees of the 

 colony. Sir John Koss measured some trees 180 feet high and 28 in 

 circumference. One tree was shown to him which exceeded 200 feet 

 in height, and was 38 feet in circumference about 3 feet from the 

 ground." The European plants of the Australian Alps, according to 

 Mueller, are : — Turritis glabra, Sagina procumbens, AlchemUla vul- 

 garis, Veronica serpyllifolia, Carex pyrenaica, 0. echinata, 0. canescens, 

 0. Buxbaumii, Botrychium Lunaria. In the Gipps' Land morasses 

 Lysimachia vulgaris grows. Mean temperature, 53° to 73°. In the 

 British Colonies the European kinds of grain and fruit are cultivated. 



25. The Eegion of New Zealand (Forster's Eegion). — This Flora, 

 besides the plants peculiar to New Zealand, as Phormium tenax. 

 New Zealand Flax, comprehends several others which belong to 

 the extremities of America, Africa, and Australia. We find in 

 these islands Corypha australis, the Australian or Southern Palm, 

 Tree Ferns, and Dracaenas, forests of OoniferEe, and many Myrtacese. 



The New Zealand Coniferae consist of Dammara australis (Kaudi, 

 Cowdie, or Kauri Pine), Podoearpus spicata (Mai or Matai), P. ferru- 

 ginea (Miro or Maira), P. Totarra, P. dacrydioides (Kaikatia), P. 

 excelsa (Kahika), and others ; also Dacrydium cupressinum (Rimu or 

 the Dimon Pine), D. Colensoi, D. laxifohum, and Phyllocladus tricho- 

 manoides (Tauehaha). Many European plants are cultivated. The 

 known flora of New Zealand amounts to about 1900 or 2000 species, 

 of which 730 are flowering plants, thus making Phanerogams to 

 Cryptogams nearly as 2 to 3. The Phanerogamous flora of New 

 Zealand shows a large amount of absolutely peculiar or endemic 

 plants, which are said by Hooker to amount to 507 species,- and to 

 constitute more than 2-3ds of the whole. Among the orders to which 

 the endemic species belong may be noticed Coniferae, Scrophulariacese, 

 Epacridacese, Compositse, Araliacese, UmbeUiferse, Myrtacese, and 

 Eanunculacese. The remaining l-3d of the flora is thus analysed by 

 Hooker; — 193 species are Australian, 89 are South American, 77 

 species common to both these countries, 60 are European, and 50 are 

 species of the Antarctic Islands, Fuegia, etc. Among the peculiar 

 genera of New Zealand are enumerated Anisotome, Hoheria, Phor- 

 mium, Carmichselia, Tupeia, and Alseuosmia. In New Zealand there 

 are of European species 60 Phanerogams, 50 Mosses, 13 Hepatiese, 

 45 Algae, 50 Fungi, and 100 Lichens. The species of Veronica form 



