STEAJ^GLES. 465 



The SYMPl'OMS at first are those of fever, which lasts about 

 six days, rather than of chest trouble; the pulse and respiration 

 being hurried, and the temperature raised. The lining membrane 

 of the eyelids assumes a brick-red or yellowish-red colour. By 

 the symptoms we may recognise three forms of this disease : (1) 

 an attack resembling the fever to which young horses recently 

 taken up from grass aie liable (p. 448) ; (2) imcomplicated pleuro- 

 pneumonia, in which the well-marked pleurisy and pneumonia run 

 a regular and fairly mild course; and (3) when complicationa of 

 the heart, digestion, kidneys, or "brain, and when purpura, or blood 

 poisoning sets in. 



TREATMENT.— The general treatment described on p. 354, et 

 seq., should be followed here. A dose of quinine, say, ^ oz. in a 

 ball, may be given safely and with benefit and continued in 

 quantities of not less than two drachms daily. If expense be an 

 object, or if drenching distresses the animal, arsenic (p. 614) may 

 be substituted for quinine. The earlier cases are taken in hand, 

 the more successful will be the result. 



Strangles. 



This is an infective disease which is peculiar to the horse-family, 

 and manifests itself locally by catarrhal symptoms and usually by 

 suppuration of the lymphatic glands that lie between the angles of 

 the lower jaw, and consequently by swelling of that part. It is 

 sometimes accompanied by blood-poisoning (p. 516), and is then 

 usually called bastard strangles. 



It may attack horses of any age; but is chiefly seen in those 

 under six years old. It rarely afiects the same animal twice. In 

 these respects, and from the fact that a large proportion of colts 

 and fillies suffer from it, it may be said to bear the same relation 

 to the horse as distemper does to the dog ; or measles, to man. 

 Bad sanitary conditions, especially the crowding of young stock, 

 certainly favour its spread. The probability of escape is entirely 

 a question of infection, which cannot occur unless the specific 

 disease germ be present. 



Jonsson states that strangles is unknown in Iceland. 



NATURE OF THE DISEASE.— Strangles is caused by the 

 streptococcus of Schiitz. 



SYMPTOMS OF UNCOMPLICATED STRANGLES.— The horse 

 is dull, off his feed, and feverish ; the internal temperature being 

 generally about 103° F. ; or a little higher. " " The first local 



