464 GENERAL DISEASES. 



As the eating of anthrax-tainted flesh is liable to produce the 

 disease ; such flesh, in a raw state, should not be used as food for 

 other animals. The danger of inoculation to those persons who 

 have to cut it up, should preclude its employment even in a boiled 

 condition. The bodies of such animals should, if possible, be 

 burnt. If this cannot be done, bury them deeply in sandy soil 

 without breaking the skin, so as to prevent, as far as possible, 

 spore formation. The bacteria of anthrax, tetanus and other 

 diseases multiply by forming spores, which are round and oval 

 bodies and are far more resistant to destructive agents thnn 

 bofteria. The free use over the diseased carcases, of crude carbolic 

 acid, quicklime, or other available disinfectant, will be productive 

 of aood. 



Up to the present, protective inoculation against anthrax has 

 not been very successful with horses. 



TREATMENT.— I have obtained trood results from the ad- 

 ministration of an ounce of oil of turpentine in half a pint of 

 linseed oil, every hour for four or five times. Or give an ounce 

 of carbolic acid in a quart of water, and a drachm in a pro- 

 portionate amount of water every hotir afterwards, as may be 

 required. Inject under the skin (p. 644), at various points where 

 the swellings appear, a solution of carbolic acid an(^ water, 1 to 40. 



South African Horse Sickness. 



I saw several cases of this disease during a tour through Gape 

 Colony. Orange River Colony, the Transvaal, and Natal, in 1891 

 and 1892. 



DEFINITION. — " Horse sickness " is an infective disease, which 

 is characterised by intense congestion of the blood vessels, with 

 grave alteration of the blood, so that there is an escape from the 

 blood vessels of a large quantity of the watery portion of the 

 blood into various tissues. 



VARIETIES. — The two ordinary forms of horse sickness are : 

 the lung form (Dutch, dun-paardziekfe), which is the most common 

 kind ; and " Thick head " (Dutch, Dikkop-ziekte). The manner in 

 which the effusion is localised constitutes the only difference 

 between these two forms, which more or less run into each other. 

 " Blue tongue " (Dutch, Bkmtong) is a third form, which may be 

 regarded as a variety of dikkop. 



THE PERIOD OF INCUBATION is about eight days, with 

 probably a variation of about one day, one way or the other. 



