GLANDEKS. 477 



When the symptoms of both forms we developed in the same 

 animal, the sufferer is said to be glandered and farcied. A 

 glandered animal is liable to conmnmicate farcy, glanders, or both ; 

 and vice versa. If the disease begins only with symptoms of farcy, 

 the limg indications will in time become apparent, supposing that 

 the complaint be allowed to run its course. For convenience' sake, 

 the word " glanders '' is used as a general term for this disease, 

 whatever the symptoms may be. 



Mr. Hunting (" Vet. Record," 6th Sept., 1902) gives the following 

 table of symptoms in 1,000 cases of glanders which occurred in 

 London, in 1901 : — 



Farcy ,-swelliiig8, buds or ulcers 414 cases. 



Farcy and enlarged sub-maxillary glands 54 „ 

 Farcy with nasal discharge, ulceration and 



enlarged glands 12 „ 



Hence it may be concluded that evidences of farcy are present 

 in about half the number of cases of glanders. 



VARIETIES. — Both glanders and farcy are respectively divided 

 into acute and chronic forms, according as their development is 

 rapid or slow. 



GENERAL SYMPTOMS OF GLANDERS.— The characteristic 

 sign of glanders is the formation of nodules, which are some- 

 times scattered; at other times,- clustered together. They suffer 

 degeneration, form abscesses of varying size, and, generally, contain 

 pus (matter). In acute glanders, these nodules or tubercles, which 

 are about the size of small shot, are seen in the mucous mem- 

 brane which lines the nostrils, chiefly, as a rule," on the partition 

 (septum nasi) that divides the nostrils one from another. They 

 appear as projections on an elevated and injected base or back- 

 ground, and are rendered visible by the white or yellowish-white 

 centre. This centre is surroimded by a greyish transparent zone, 

 which again is encircled by a red areola. In a few days these 

 nodules soften, form abscesses, burst, and leave ulcers, which 

 resemble in appearance hard syphilitic chancres, having hard, 

 dug-out edges. These ulcers show no disposition to heal, but run 

 into each other, and extend superficially as well as deeply. The 

 abscesses, probably, first appear in the lungs, then, in the various 

 air-passages, in the sinuses of the head, and also in the various 

 internal organs, muscles, etc. Owing to their presence, the 

 affected animal suffers from the so-called bronchitis and pneumonia 

 of glanders. A thin discharge issues from one or both nostrils. 

 At first, it resembles that of ordinary cold ; it then assumes a 



