480 GENERAL DISEASES. 



promineut swellings, whioli mark the position of their valves that 

 have become inflamed from the presence of the virus in the fluid 

 which circulates through these vessels. These tumours, also, sup- 

 purate and form ulcers similar to the others. Thus . the ulcers 

 arise from two sources. Both the fever and swelling are more or 

 less remittent ; the swelling sometimes subsiding in one limb 

 and then appearing in the other. The animal rapidly loses 

 condition and dies from exhaustion, or from an acute attack of 

 glanders. 



Farcy may first manifest itself by painful swellings in the flexor 

 tendons, or by rheumatic symptoms. 



The onset and course of glanders and farcy have far from a 

 uniform character in their manifestations. 



An attack of acute farcy will run its course to a fatal termina- 

 tion in about a month. 



SYMPTOMS OF CHRONIC FAKCY.— This form differs from 

 the acute in being much milder. There is but little constitutional 

 disturbance, and the tumours may remain indolent for a long time. 



POST-MORTEM APPEARANCES.— In almost all cases, tubercles 

 (nodules) varying in size from that of a grain of sand to that of 

 a small pea, will be found in the lungs, and give the feeling of shot, 

 when the fingers are passed over the surface of the lungs. The 

 presence of the characteristic ulcers in the air-passages will con- 

 firm our suspicion. 



SUSCEPTIBILITY AND PREDISPOSING INFLUENCES.— 

 Asses, mules and jennets appear to be more, and men less, suscep- 

 tible to glanders than horses. The order of comparative suscepti- 

 bility of certain other animals is somewhat as follows: — Field 

 mice and guinea-pigs, the cat tribe, dogs, goats, rabbits, and sheep. 

 Pigs and pigeons have little or no susceptibility to it. Cattle, 

 domestic fowl, rats, house-mice, and white mice seem to be immune. 

 Individual idiosyncrasy is well marked in this disease ; for '" some 

 liorses readily take it, when living in a stable with glandered 

 animals, while others may remain for months and even years under 

 similar conditions, without becoming infected. Glanders, like 

 tuberculosis, has certain predisposing factors, the chief of which 

 are : over-exertion, deficiency of food, bad ventilation, chill, and 

 disease. The spread of glanders is therefore greatest during times 

 of war " {Friedberger and Frohner). 



The fact that the tramway horses of the Glasgow Corporation 

 (p. 631) were particularly well fed and looked after, appears to 

 account to some extent for the very small percentage of clinically- 



