[SHIVEEING. 563 



L' 



rendered less able to perform its work, or else there must be some 

 disease. But neither of these facts had been shown. If, how- 

 ever, the jury thought that at the time of the warranty the horse 

 had contracted the habit of crib-biting, he thought that was a 

 ' vice,' and that the plaintifi would be entitled to a verdict on the 

 third plea. The habit complained of might not, indeed, like some 

 others (for instance, that of kicking), show vice in the temper of 

 the animal ; but it was proved to be a habit decidedly injurious to 

 its health, and tending to impair its usefulness, and came, there- 

 fore, in his Lordship's opinion, within the meaning of the term, 

 ' vice,' as used on such occasions as the present." This may be re- 

 garded as the accepted ruling on " vice." 



, In the case of " Broennenburgh v. Haycock " (" Holt's Reports of 

 Cases in Nisi Prius," Vol. I., p. 630), it was also ruled that crib- 

 biting is not an unsoundness. 



Looked upon from a practical, though not from a legal point 

 of view, both cribbers and windsuckers should always be deemed 

 unsound ; for the practice of their vice will, in the ordinary course 

 of events, render them unsound ; even if it has not already done 

 so. Besides, it will diminish their usefulness, on account of the 

 special precautions which have to be observed with them, both in 

 stopping the habit, and in preventing them from teaching it to 

 other horses. ; 



The fact of a horse being a cribber should always be mentioned 

 in the veterinary certificate. 



Shivering. 



NATURE. — The equine disease called " shivering," is manifested 

 by irregular and involuntary movements, 'generally of the hind 

 quarters. Its symptoms somewhat resemble those of human chorea 

 (St. Vitifs's Dance), although the respective courses of these diseases 

 differ widely from each other. 



SYMPTOMS. — -In its early stage no symptom is diagnostic. In 

 one case you may have a suspicious movement of the tail,, in 

 another an erratic movement of the hind legs. Sometimes the 

 symptoms are intermittent, and not producible by any method the 

 surgeon may adopt. At others, a sign may be developed with 

 certainty. In the most aggravated cases, symptoms are evident 

 which are not shown by any horse in the early stage. 



An average case of shivering may show no abnormality whilst 

 the horse is unexcited and moving forward at a walk. When 

 stopped suddenly, especially if drawing a load, there may be 

 evidence of a little want of control over the movement of the hind 



36* 



