MALLEIN, 



631 



or calcareous. He also proved by inoculation that none of these 

 nodules contained living bacilli of glanders. Consequently he was 

 fully justified in considering that all these animals had recovered. 



As glanders was found among the horses (4,439 in number) of 

 the Glasgow Corporation Tramways, in 1899, the mallein test was 

 applied to them, and 278 reacted. These suspected animals were 

 tested monthly, with the following results : — 



All the horses which had failed to react to the third test con- 

 tinued, apparently, in perfect health. Of those which had reacted 

 to the first three tests, one became clinically affected after the 

 third test, one after the fifth, and one after the sixth ; and these 

 three animals with outward symptoms were destroyed. Post- 

 mortem examinations showed that glanders was fully developed in 

 them. For purposes of demonstration, two animals which had 

 reacted once, three twice, and one three times, and one which had 

 reacted four times were killed and their bodies examined. The 

 reports on these seven horses showed that they had been previously 

 affected with glanders, but that they were free from the disease at 

 the time of slaughter. 



Mr. Hunting states that experiments in London show that 50 

 per cent, of horses which have reacted to mallein, but which have 

 manifested no outward symptoms of glanders, recover. 



Early cases of glanders have been cured by injections of mallein 

 at intervals of three or four days, until the mallein ceases to cause 

 reaction. This treatment hastens death in advanced cases of the 

 disease. Bonome mentions that an affected man was cured by 

 mallein after a six weeks' course of treatment. 



Professor Sir John McFadyean treated a glandered gelding, one 

 of whose hind legs was much swollen and had farcy buds on it, by 

 repeated injections of very large doses (up to 100 times the usual 

 quantity) of mallein, with the result that this horse, although 

 showing external symptoms of farcy, became quite cured (or 

 recovered). Afterwards, when inoculated with virulent glanders 

 bacilli, it again contracted the disease, and it had again recovered 

 before it died from another cause. Altliough these facts may not 

 be absolute proof, they are very strong reasons for assuming, that 

 mallein, especially in very large doses, has a curative influence on 



