OPIUM. 633 



Hydrochloride of morphine, sulphate of morphine, and acetate of 

 morphine produce about seven times the effect of an equal weight 

 of opium. 



Nitrate of Potash {Nitre). 

 See below " Potash, Nitrate of." 



Nitre, Sweet Spirits of, 



is a very useful medicine. It acts on the kidneys and skin, and 

 is a good stimulant. Dose, 1 to 2 oz. ; to be given in a pint of 

 cold water. 



Nux Vomica. 



See "Strychnine"' (p. 636). 



t 



Opium 



in moderate doses, is a stimulant to the brain and spinal cord. 

 In men and in dogs, opium is a soother of pain and a producer of 

 sleep ; but in horses, it is a general stimulant and a disturber of 

 the functions of the brain, which action is particularly well marked, 

 by the disordered movements of an affected horse. It checks the 

 worm-like motion of the bowels ; hence its use in cases of injury to 

 the abdomen. Horses can take large quantities of it — even up to 

 an ounce — with impimity. See remarks on Indian hemp, p. 623. 



Tincture of Opium — Laudanum. 



An ounce of the tincture of opium (laudanum) contains 33 grains 

 of opium. 



Para£Sn (Kerosene) Oil, 



is used in parasitic affections of the skin, in thrush, and as an 

 antiseptic (p. 68). 



Potassium. 



Potash, Bichromate of, 



may be used internally for hastening the development of glanders 

 (p, 488). 



Potash, Nitrate of. 



This salt, which is also called nitre or saltpetre, is a diuretic, 

 and is given in doses of ^ to 2 oz. once or twice a day. 



