64 



THB BBE-KBBPBK-'S GUIDB; 



CHAPTER IL 



ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. 



In this chapter I shall give first the general anatomy ot 

 insects ; then the anatomy, and still more wonderful physi- 

 ology, of the honey-bee, 



ANATOMY OF INSBCTS. 



In all insects the body is divided into three well-marked por- 

 tions (Fig. 1) ; the head (Figs. 3 and 4), which is strengthened 

 by cross-pieces or braces (Fig. 13, 14), containing the mouth 



Longitudinal Section Bees'' Head (from Cowan.) 



a Mentum. e Ligula. i Clypeus. 



b Sub-mentum /, p Labialpalpus. m Funnel. 

 c Rods. h Head-brace. ii Paraglossa. 



d Lora. i Pharynx. o Ocellus. 



( Duct frotQ lower head-glands. (, ( Labrum, 



j> Brain. 



r Occiput. 



s Duct from glands. 



organs, the eyes, both the compound and, when present, the 

 simple, and the antenna ; the thorax, which is composed of 

 three rings, and gives support to the one or two pairs Of wings, 

 when present, and to the throe pairs of legs; and the abdo- 



