OR, MANUAI, OF THB APIARY. 



229 



to make it generally desirable for the apiarist to change all his 

 hives, to secure a different style of frame. 



To make a L,angstroth frame I would use a top-bar (Fig. 

 96) — the figure illustrates a Gallup frame which is square, and 

 will serve to make this explanation clearer, eighteen and seven- 

 eighths (18 J^) inches long, seven-eighths (J^) of an inch wide, 

 and one-fourth (X) of an inch thick. The end-bars (Fig. 96, 

 b, 6) should be eight and five-eighths (8f^) inches long, and as 

 wide and thick as the top-bar. The top-bar is fastened to the 

 end-bars, as shown in the figure, by nailing through it into 



Fig. 97. 



Reversible Frame, Upper one hung in the Hive, Lower one partly reversed. 

 — From Tames Heddon. 



the ends of the end-bars, so as to leave the top-bar projecting 

 three-fourths (X) of an inch. The bottom-bar is seventeen and 

 three-eighths (17^) inches long, and as wide and thick as the 

 other parts — though it may be only one-half as thick if pre- 

 ferred. It is also nailed to thie ends of the end-bars, so that it 

 is as long as the frame. The parts when made at the factory 

 are often dovetailed so as to be more securely united. 



For some years I have used the reversible frame (Fig. 97), 

 which has valuable features which would warrant its use were 



