TYPES OF NOZZLES 101 
from the old form in being much larger, in having a larger orifice, and 
in relying on the design of the chamber back of the orifice, combined 
with an interposed plate, to give the finely divided spray desired. 
It has large capacity, especially when operating under the heavy 
pressure generated in a power outfit. The tendency to clog is reduced, 
but unfortunately is not by any means entirely eliminated. At the 
present stage in designing, it is the most satisfactory and efficient 
nozzle for ordinary orchard work. Practically all of the manufacturers 
of spray apparatus are making a nozzle of this type. 
For special work in spraying shade trees from the ground still another 
type of nozzle has lately been eVolved. This is essentially a heavy brass 
‘Fic. 65.— Types of nozzles. On the left, the vermorel ; in the center, the disk 
type; on the right the Bordeaux. Original. 
tube, from three to six feet in length, with gradually diminishing bore, 
ending in a simple round orifice, from one eighth to three eighths of an 
inch in diameter. It is operated under extremely heavy pressure, and 
sends high into the air a solid stream which breaks into a fairly fine spray 
as it nears the summit of itsare. Naturally the material is delivered at 
a rapid rate. The advantage for extensive work on shade trees lies in 
eliminating the necessity of climbing the trees, thereby reducing the 
cost of spraying in spite of the amount of material used. 
Extension Rods 
Extension rods are necessary in orchard spraying, in order to elevate 
the nozzles to a point where the spray can reach the upper parts of the 
tree. Such rods are of two types: small iron pipe, and metal-lined bam- 
boo. Iron rods are more commonly used, and are satisfactory, except 
