GRUBS BORING IN STALK OR STEM 1387 
existence. Early in the season it bores inside the growing tips, 
causing them to turn down. It is now a slender green worm, 
marked with black dots. Soon it drops from the tips, enters the 
vine near the ground, and bores within at this point. At this stage 
it is reddish in color, dotted with 
black, and three fourths to an 
inch in length. After two or 
three weeks, it bores down and 
out, and feeds beneath the 
ground, just above the old roots, 
sometimes nearly cutting the vine 
off. It now reaches a length 
of two inches, is thick bodied, 
whitish, and marked with fine Fig. 125.— Adult of the Hop-plant 
brow dots: Borer. Original. 
A pupal stage is passed in the soil. Some of the adults emerge in 
the fall and some in the spring. 
Tips showing the work of the earlier stage should be pinched off 
and destroyed. The grubs working in the soil may be driven deeper 
to the old roots by pulling away the dirt for a few days, later heaping 
ashes around the vines. On the old roots they will do little damage. 
The Cabbage Curculio (Ceutorhyncus rape Gyll.) 
Asmall snout beetle appears on cabbage plants early in the season, us- 
ually while the plants are still in the seed bed. The beetle is one eighth 
of an inch long and varies in color from gray to black. Its body is quite 
broad. Eggs are laid in the stalks, and a whitish grub tunnels ' 
within. Infested plants may droop over in their upper half, or break 
off in transplanting. The grub is full grown in three weeks, trans- 
forms in the soil, and the adults emerge a week later, disappearing 
after a few days. There is one generation annually. 
Various wild plants, especially hedge mustard and wild pepper- 
grass, are native food plants and are preferred to cabbage. Use may 
be made of these as traps, destroying them as soon as the beetles bave 
laid their eggs in them. An application of arsenate of lead or Paris 
