222 PESTS OF GARDEN AND FIELD CROPS 
these insects have strong, sucking beaks, which they insert through 
the protecting leaves of the young boll. On the outside a close ex- 
amination will reveal small punctures. Within, the evidence of attack 
is usually a failure of some or all of the seeds 
to mature, a shriveling of some parts, or a 
staining of the lint. Frequently the injury re- 
sults in complete destruction of the boll. 
Most plant bugs attacking cotton reach 
greatest abundance in August or September. 
They hibernate as adults, largely in old plants, 
rubbish, and similar shelter. 
Remedial measures include destruction of 
Fic. 277.—The Cot- weeds in the spring, to deprive the overwin- 
ton-stainer, Dys- tering bugs of food; early planting, to mature 
eee suturellus. the cotton before the adults are out in greatest 
abundance; and the burning of old stalks and 
rubbish early in the fall. Hand picking may be necessary where a 
species is present in overwhelming numbers. 
Cotton Sharpshooters (Jasside) 
Small active insects are found on cotton in the latter part of the 
season, making tiny punctures in the bolls. They are variously marked 
and colored, and, examined closely, appear to have abnormally large 
heads shaped like a broad V, widest where it joins the body. Coming 
late in the season, their work does not do appreciable damage, and no 
remedial measures are necessary. In the early part of summer they are 
to be found on the young foliage of trees. 
Plant Lice attacking Wheat Heads 
Two closely related species of plant lice, Macrosiphum granaria Buck 
and Macrosiphum cerealis Kalt., often are found on wheat and occa- 
sionally become so abundant on the growing heads that the grain is 
stunted and the yield reduced. Both species are yellowish green in 
color, have long black antenne and slender, black honey tubes. The 
