SPANWORMS EATING THE LEAVES 281 
When full grown, the worms enter the ground, and remain there 
until the following spring. The adults come out several weeks before 
the apple is due to blossom. The female is wingless, crawls up the 
trunk, and lays her eggs. The male is winged. The eggs hatch after 
the apple leaves have unfolded. 
Spraying with arsenicals, using rather heavy dosage, will kill the 
worms. Instead of this the trees may be banded six weeks before the 
apples are due to bloom, so as to prevent the females or the worms 
from reaching the upper parts of the tree. Orchards that are regu- 
larly sprayed = with 
poisons, such as arse- 
nate of lead or Paris 
green, will not  sutfer 
from this pest. 
The Fall Canker-worm 
(Alsophila pometaria 
Harr.) 
This species is quite 
similar in characteris- 
tics to the spring can- 
ker-worm. The larva 
may readily be recog- 
nized from the fact 
that it has two pairs 
of prolegs near the 
hind end of the body 
just forward of the 
claspers located on the 
extreme hind end, Fic. 407.—The Fall Canker-worm. Slightly en- 
whereas the spring larged. Original. 
eanker-worm has only one pair. The injury wrought by the two 
species is identical. Either will strip the foliage from apple trees in 
early spring, when numerous. 
