SPANWORMS EATING THE LEAVES 283 
Spraying with arsenical poisons is a ready remedy. Usually the 
currants are not ripe when the worms appear, and therefore poison 
sprays may be used safely. 
The Cranberry Spanworm (Cleora pampinaria Guen.) 
The leaves of cranberry, asparagus, cotton, strawberry, apple, pear, 
clover, and others are sometimes eaten by a brownish or olive span- 
worm, 1} inches long when mature. 
Its body is streaked and mottled 
with lighter and darker shades. On 
the back, about one third of the way 
to the rear of the head, are two low 
black tubercles, and near the hind 
end are two more. There are two 
pairs of fleshy false legs near the hind 
end, and three pairs of true legs close 
Fie. 411.— Adult of the Cran- 
to the front end. The worms have berry Spanworm. Original. 
a habit of resting motionless, hold- 
ing fast to a stem by the hind legs, the body projecting at an angle. 
The adult is a gray moth marked with many spots and zigzag lines 
of black and brown. There are two generations annually, larve 
appearing in late June and 
again in August. 
Dusting or spraying with 
arsenate of lead or Paris green 
will poison the worms. 
The Elm Spanworm 
(Ennomos subsignarius Hbn.) 
In June the larvee of this 
Fic. 412.— Adult of the Elm Spanworm. 
Original. 
moth may be found on the 
foliage of a great variety of 
trees, including apple, pear, or other fruits as well as forest trees. 
Usually they are brown, but sometimes green, look much like a 
twig, and have three low tubercles on the back, one near the hind 
