310 PESTS OF ORCHARD AND SMALL FRUITS 
Late fall or early spring plowing to bury fallen leaves is the simplest 
means of control. 
Fic. 473.— Larva of the Apple Leaf Fic. 474. — Adult of the Apple Leaf 
Trumpet Miner. Enlarged and nat- Trumpet Miner. Enlarged and 
ural size. Original. natural size. Original. 
The Blackberry Leaf-miner (Metallus rubi Forbes) 
The leaves of blackberry sometimes show numerous blotch mines, 
caused by a small larva working within the leaf tissue. Occasionally 
the foliage is severely injured. There are two to four broods in a 
summer, the later ones doing the most damage. The adult is a small 
sawfly. 
No direct means of control are known except to remove infested 
leaves early in the season. 
The Resplendent Shield-bearer (Coptodisca splendariferella Clem.) 
Fic. 475.—Cocoons of the Resplen- Fic. 476.— The Resplendent Shield- 
dent Shield-bearer on a piece of bearer. Apple leaf showing mines 
bark. Original. and sections removed. 
Occasionally apple, plum, or quince show the characteristic work 
of this insect. Round, transparent mines are made in the leaves, and 
